oracle 11g 安装

   groupadd oinstall

   groupadd dba

   useradd -d /home/oracle -g oinstall -G dba -m oracle

   mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

   chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

   chmod -R 755 /u01/app/oracle

   xhost +

  vi .bash_profile

  export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

  export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0

  export ORACLE_SID=ocp

  export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA".ZHS16GBK

  export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

[oracle@RHEL_64 ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/

[oracle@RHEL_64 oracle]$ ll

total 16

drwxr-xr-x  2 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 20 16:43 checkpoints

drwxrwxr-x 11 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 20 16:09 diag

drwxrwx---  5 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 20 16:09 oraInventory

drwxr-xr-x  3 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 20 15:39 product

diag日志信息

diag/rdbms  告警日志

oraInventory oracle组件清单

oraInventory/oraInst.loc 安装组信息

oraInventory/ContentsXML/  版本和库信息

product/11.2.0 主目录

product/11.2.0/bin 可执行命令

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/rdbms/admin  安装脚本

[oracle@RHEL_64 ContentsXML]$ ll /etc/ora*

-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root      63 Apr 20 16:12 /etc/oraInst.loc

-rw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 741 Apr 20 16:12 /etc/oratab

/etc/oratab 配置库是否自动启动等信息 

/etc/oraInst.loc  记录oracle安装目录和组信息

• SID不能超过8个字符
• 字符集需要设置
• 示例用户需要安装
• OLAP、OLTP确定是安装数据仓库还是安装交易型数据库
• ASM 管理磁盘和文件系统
• SUSE安装操作oracle时不能用root用户登陆再切换到oracle用户，一定要以oracle用户登陆 

[root@RHEL_64 ~]# xhost +

access control disabled, clients can connect from any host

[root@RHEL_64 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@RHEL_64 ~]$ dbca

修改/etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain localhost

::1             localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

192.168.136.128 RHEL_64

RHEL_64 主机名，IP为真实IP

启动监听

[oracle@RHEL_64 ~]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 21-APR-2013 09:57:05

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/RHEL_64/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=RHEL_64)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

Start Date                21-APR-2013 09:57:06

Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 1 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/RHEL_64/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=RHEL_64)(PORT=1521)))

The listener supports no services

The command completed successfully

Use Database file locations from template    存在本地

Use common location for all database files   使用已挂载的存储

specify fast recovery area   闪回区， 一般不开

enable archiving             归档，现在不开  完成后使用命令开

内存：虚拟机中推荐使用800MB到1G

sizing：

processes(连接数）默认150  建议需要与架构师确认业务高峰期并发访问数

block size 默认8K，做数据仓库时建议放大，安装好之后不可修改

character sets    -- choose from the list of character sets --   ZHS16GBK-GBK 16-bit Simplified Chinese   支持中文 

connection mode  

 dedicated server mode   专用连接，效率高，但消耗内存，一般为提升效率所以使用专用连接

 shared server mode      共享连接

contorlfile 控制文件

表空间、数据文件、redo

查看进程是否已经启动

[oracle@oracle ~]$ ps -ef | grep ora_

oracle   23551     1  0 10:53 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_ocp

oracle   23553     1  0 10:53 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_ocp

oracle   23556     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:01 ora_vktm_ocp

oracle   23560     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_gen0_ocp

oracle   23562     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_diag_ocp

oracle   23564     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbrm_ocp

oracle   23566     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_dia0_ocp

oracle   23568     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_ocp

oracle   23570     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_ocp

oracle   23572     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_lgwr_ocp

oracle   23574     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_ckpt_ocp

oracle   23576     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_ocp

oracle   23578     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_ocp

oracle   23580     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmon_ocp

oracle   23582     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_ocp

oracle   23584     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_d000_ocp

oracle   23586     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_s000_ocp

oracle   23672     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_qmnc_ocp

oracle   23686     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_cjq0_ocp

oracle   23720     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_q000_ocp

oracle   23722     1  0 10:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_q001_ocp

oracle   24014 23978  0 11:01 pts/2    00:00:00 grep ora_

sqlplus 登陆数据库确认是否正常

[oracle@oracle ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun Apr 21 11:03:09 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS

------------

OPEN

OPEN代表数据库开启正常

startup 启动数据库