MySQL多实例
简单的说就是在一台机器上开启多个不同的服务端口(如3306,3307等)运行多个MySQL服务进程，这些服务进程通过不同个socket监听不同的服务端口来提供各自的服务
多实例的作用与问题
1、有效利用服务器
2、节约服务器资源
3、资源互相抢占问题
多实例应用场景
1、资金紧张型公司
2、并发访问不是特别大的业务
3、门户网站应用MySQL多实例场景
1、创建MySQL多实例的数据文件目录
先关掉我们之前启动的单实例
[root@centos03 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
[root@centos03 ~]# mv /etc/init.d/mysqld /etc/init.d/dan.mysqld
[root@centos03 ~]# mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data
[root@centos03 ~]# tree /data
/data
|-- 3306
| `-- data
`-- 3307
`-- data
4 directories, 0 files
多实例的是在我们之前上面文章操作单实例的基础上进行的，只是在单实例进行到
ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql 这一步时候就不再往下面操作了，这个不清楚的话可以参考上篇文章安装，这里就不再重复操作了
2、创建MySQL多实例的配置文件
[root@centos03 ~]# vim /data/3306/my.cnf [client] port = 3306 socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock [mysql] no-auto-rehash [mysqld] user = mysql port = 3306 socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock basedir = /application/mysql datadir = /data/3306/data open_files_limit = 1024 back_log = 600 max_connections = 800 max_connect_errors = 3000 table_cache = 614 external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet =8M sort_buffer_size = 1M join_buffer_size = 1M thread_cache_size = 100 thread_concurrency = 2 query_cache_size = 2M query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k #default_table_type = InnoDB thread_stack = 192K #transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED tmp_table_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 2M long_query_time = 1 #log_long_format #log-error = /data/3306/error.log #log-slow-queries = /data/3306/slow.log pid-file = /data/3306/mysql.pid log-bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin relay-log = /data/3306/relay-bin relay-log-info-file = /data/3306/relay-log.info binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_size = 2M expire_logs_days = 7 key_buffer_size = 16M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M lower_case_table_names = 1 skip-name-resolve slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062 replicate-ignore-db=mysql server-id = 1 innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency = 8 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M innodb_log_file_size = 4M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 innodb_file_per_table = 0 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 2M [mysqld_safe] log-error=/data/3306/mysql_martin3306.err pid-file=/data/3306/mysqld.pid vim /data/3307/my.cnf [client] port = 3307 socket = /data/3307/mysql.sock [mysql] no-auto-rehash [mysqld] user = mysql port = 3307 socket = /data/3307/mysql.sock basedir = /application/mysql datadir = /data/3307/data open_files_limit = 1024 back_log = 600 max_connections = 800 max_connect_errors = 3000 table_cache = 614 external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet =8M sort_buffer_size = 1M join_buffer_size = 1M thread_cache_size = 100 thread_concurrency = 2 query_cache_size = 2M query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k #default_table_type = InnoDB thread_stack = 192K #transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED tmp_table_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 2M #long_query_time = 1 #log_long_format #log-error = /data/3307/error.log #log-slow-queries = /data/3307/slow.log pid-file = /data/3307/mysql.pid #log-bin = /data/3307/mysql-bin relay-log = /data/3307/relay-bin relay-log-info-file = /data/3307/relay-log.info binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_size = 2M expire_logs_days = 7 key_buffer_size = 16M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M lower_case_table_names = 1 skip-name-resolve slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062 replicate-ignore-db=mysql server-id = 3 innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency = 8 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M innodb_log_file_size = 4M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 innodb_file_per_table = 0 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 2M [mysqld_safe] log-error=/data/3307/mysql_martin3307.err pid-file=/data/3307/mysqld.pid
3、创建多实例的启动脚本
[root@centos03 ~]# vim /data/3306/mysql
#!/bin/sh
#init
port=3306
mysql_user="root"
mysql_pwd="123456"
CmdPath="/application/mysql/bin"
mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"
#startup function
function_start_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
/bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
else
printf "MySQL is running...\n"
exit
fi
}
#stop function
function_stop_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"
exit
else
printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown
fi
}
#restart function
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
sleep 2
function_start_mysql
}
case $1 in
start)
function_start_mysql
;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql
;;
restart)
function_restart_mysql
;;
*)
printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql {start|stop|restart}\n"
esac
[root@centos03 ~]# vim /data/3307/mysql
#!/bin/sh
#init
port=3307
mysql_user="root"
mysql_pwd="123456"
CmdPath="/application/mysql/bin"
mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"
#startup function
function_start_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
/bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
else
printf "MySQL is running...\n"
exit
fi
}
#stop function
function_stop_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"
exit
else
printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown
fi
}
#restart function
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
sleep 2
function_start_mysql
}
case $1 in
start)
function_start_mysql
;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql
;;
restart)
function_restart_mysql
;;
*)
printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql {start|stop|restart}\n"
esac
[root@centos03 ~]# tree /data
/data
|-- 3306
| |-- data
| |-- my.cnf
| `-- mysql
`-- 3307
|-- data
|-- my.cnf
`-- mysql
4 directories, 4 files
[root@centos03 ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data
[root@centos03 ~]# find /data -type f -name "mysql"|xargs ls -l
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1018 Jun 14 01:04 /data/3306/mysql
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1017 Jun 14 01:01 /data/3307/mysql
[root@centos03 ~]# find /data -type f -name "mysql"|xargs chmod 700
[root@centos03 ~]# find /data -type f -name "mysql"|xargs ls -l
-rwx------. 1 mysql mysql 1018 Jun 14 01:04 /data/3306/mysql
-rwx------. 1 mysql mysql 1017 Jun 14 01:01 /data/3307/mysql4、初始化数据库
[root@example mysql-5.5.32]# cd /application/mysql/scripts/ [root@example scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3306/data/ --user=mysql [root@example scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3307/data/ --user=mysql
5、启动数据库
[root@centos03 scripts]# /data/3306/mysql start
Starting MySQL...
[root@centos03 scripts]# /data/3307/mysql start
Starting MySQL...
[root@centos03 scripts]# ss -lantup|grep 330
tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:3306 *:* users:(("mysqld",20906,12))
tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:3307 *:* users:(("mysqld",21624,11))6、登录数据库测试
[root@centos03 scripts]# mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sock Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.5.32-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql> [root@centos03 scripts]# mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.5.32 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
7、两个数据库都成功了，大家可以创建一个实例3308，这里就不再操作了，简单看下最后的效果
本文出自 “厚德载物” 博客，谢绝转载！
原文地址：http://huaxin.blog.51cto.com/903026/1834977
