#stat命令：查看文件信息
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# stat test.log File: `test.log‘ Size: 0 Blocks: 0 IO Block: 4096 regular empty file Device: ca01h/51713d Inode: 483339 Links: 1 Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 500/ wanghan) Access: 2014-08-11 14:27:24.000000000 +0800 Modify: 2014-08-11 14:27:24.000000000 +0800 Change: 2014-08-11 14:27:24.000000000 +0800
说明：
Access:访问时间 Modify：修改时间 Change：状态改变时间
stat *：查看当前目录下所有文件信息
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls 2014-05-16 test.log [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# stat * File: `2014-05-16‘ Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 directory Device: ca01h/51713d Inode: 483336 Links: 2 Access: (0755/drwxr-xr-x) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root) Access: 2014-05-16 15:01:40.000000000 +0800 Modify: 2014-05-16 15:01:40.000000000 +0800 Change: 2014-05-16 15:01:40.000000000 +0800 File: `test.log‘ Size: 0 Blocks: 0 IO Block: 4096 regular empty file Device: ca01h/51713d Inode: 483339 Links: 1 Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 500/ wanghan) Access: 2014-08-11 14:27:24.000000000 +0800 Modify: 2014-08-11 14:27:24.000000000 +0800 Change: 2014-08-11 14:27:24.000000000 +0800 [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]#
#touch命令：修改文件时间戳，或者新建一个不存在的文件（文件大小、块信息、文件权限、时间戳）
新建一个文件：
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls 2014-05-16 [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# touch test.log [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls 2014-05-16 test.log [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]#
touch –c：不创建空文件
一般使用touch命令更新文件时间戳，如果文件不存在，touch命令会自动创建指定文件。如果不想因使用touch命令而创建任何空文件，使用touch -c命令。
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# clear [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# stat test.log File: `test.log‘ Size: 0 Blocks: 0 IO Block: 4096 regular empty file Device: ca01h/51713d Inode: 483339 Links: 1 Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 500/ wanghan) Access: 2014-08-11 15:00:56.000000000 +0800 Modify: 2014-08-11 15:00:56.000000000 +0800 Change: 2014-08-11 15:00:56.000000000 +0800 [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# touch -c test.log [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# stat test.log File: `test.log‘ Size: 0 Blocks: 0 IO Block: 4096 regular empty file Device: ca01h/51713d Inode: 483339 Links: 1 Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 500/ wanghan) Access: 2014-08-11 15:03:34.000000000 +0800 Modify: 2014-08-11 15:03:34.000000000 +0800 Change: 2014-08-11 15:03:34.000000000 +0800 [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls 0812080808 2014-05-16 test.log [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# touch -c ceshi.sh [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls 0812080808 2014-05-16 test.log [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]#
touch -t：将时间戳修改为修改指定的日期时间
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# stat test.log File: `test.log‘ Size: 8 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file Device: ca01h/51713d Inode: 483343 Links: 1 Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 500/ wanghan) Gid: ( 500/ wanghan) Access: 2014-08-11 15:16:06.000000000 +0800 Modify: 2014-08-11 15:16:06.000000000 +0800 Change: 2014-08-11 15:16:06.000000000 +0800 [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# touch -c -t 08080808 test.log [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# stat test.log File: `test.log‘ Size: 8 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file Device: ca01h/51713d Inode: 483343 Links: 1 Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 500/ wanghan) Gid: ( 500/ wanghan) Access: 2014-08-08 08:08:00.000000000 +0800 Modify: 2014-08-08 08:08:00.000000000 +0800 Change: 2014-08-11 15:16:30.000000000 +0800
touch –a：只修改访问时间
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# stat test.log File: `test.log‘ Size: 8 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file Device: ca01h/51713d Inode: 483343 Links: 1 Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 500/ wanghan) Gid: ( 500/ wanghan) Access: 2014-08-11 15:26:48.000000000 +0800 Modify: 2014-08-11 15:26:48.000000000 +0800 Change: 2014-08-11 15:26:48.000000000 +0800 [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# touch -c -a -t 08080808 test.log [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# stat test.log File: `test.log‘ Size: 8 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file Device: ca01h/51713d Inode: 483343 Links: 1 Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 500/ wanghan) Gid: ( 500/ wanghan) Access: 2014-08-08 08:08:00.000000000 +0800 Modify: 2014-08-11 15:26:48.000000000 +0800 Change: 2014-08-11 15:27:44.000000000 +0800
touch -m：只修改修改时间
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# stat test.log File: `test.log‘ Size: 8 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file Device: ca01h/51713d Inode: 483343 Links: 1 Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 500/ wanghan) Gid: ( 500/ wanghan) Access: 2014-08-08 08:08:00.000000000 +0800 Modify: 2014-08-11 15:26:48.000000000 +0800 Change: 2014-08-11 15:27:44.000000000 +0800 [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# touch -c -m -t 09090909 test.log [root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# stat test.log File: `test.log‘ Size: 8 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file Device: ca01h/51713d Inode: 483343 Links: 1 Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 500/ wanghan) Gid: ( 500/ wanghan) Access: 2014-08-08 08:08:00.000000000 +0800 Modify: 2014-09-09 09:09:00.000000000 +0800 Change: 2014-08-11 15:29:03.000000000 +0800
#cp命令：复制文件或目录
复制单个文件
说明：如果目标是一个文件并且不存在，创建文件
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls 2014-08-04-212053 a agent_cmd.sock ap_1002.pid ap_1004.pid ap_1005.pid ap_1007.pid ap_1008.pid ap_1014.pid ceshi test test.sh test_1.sh wanghan wanghan110 [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# cp test.sh openstack [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls 2014-08-04-212053 agent_cmd.sock ap_1004.pid ap_1007.pid ap_1014.pid openstack test.sh wanghan a ap_1002.pid ap_1005.pid ap_1008.pid ceshi test test_1.sh wanghan110 [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]#
说明：如果目标是一个文件并且存在，会提示是否覆盖
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# cat test_1.sh 123 [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# cat wanghan/test.sh Main: load logconfig, logpath /usr/local/sa/agent/log, prefix sap1002, lognum 10, logsize 10, loglevel 2 [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# cp test_1.sh wanghan/test.sh cp: overwrite `wanghan/test.sh‘? y [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# cat wanghan/test.sh 123
说明：如果目标存在且是个目录，复制文件至目标目录，并保持原名
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# cp test_1.sh wanghan/
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls wanghan
ap_1014.pid ceshi test test.sh test_1.sh
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]#
复制多个文件
说明：如果目标存在且是一个文件，复制无法进行
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls wanghan ap_1014.pid ceshi test test.sh test_1.sh [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# cp test.sh test_1.sh wanghan/test.sh cp: target `wanghan/test.sh‘ is not a directory
说明：如果目标存在且是一个目录，复制各文件至目标目录中，并保持原名
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# cp test.sh test_1.sh wanghan/ceshi [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls wanghan/ceshi 123 test.sh test_1.sh
说明：如果目标不存在，复制无法进行
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# cp test_1.sh test.sh lianxi
cp: target `lianxi‘ is not a directory
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]#
复制单独目录
说明：如果目标存在且是一个文件，复制无法进行
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# cp -r test wanghan/test.sh
cp: cannot overwrite non-directory `wanghan/test.sh‘ with directory `test‘
说明：如果目标不存在，创建新目录
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls wanghan ap_1014.pid ceshi test test.sh test_1.sh [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# cp -r test wanghan/openstack [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls wanghan ap_1014.pid ceshi openstack test test.sh test_1.sh [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls wanghan/openstack/
说明：如果目标存在且是一个目录，复制源目录至目标目录中且保持原名
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# cp -r test wanghan/openstack [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls wanghan/openstack test [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]#
cp -r：递归处理，将指定目录下的文件与子目录一并处理
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# cp -r test wanghan/openstack [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls wanghan/openstack test [root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]#
原文地址：http://putongren.blog.51cto.com/9086263/1538595
