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# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | sort | uniq | wc -l 1
2. 显示每个物理cpu中core的个数
# cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep "cpu cores" | uniq cpu cores : 2
3. 显示逻辑cpu个数命令
# cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep "processor" |wc -l 2
物理cpu个数 X 核实数=逻辑CPU个数
# free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 980 576 404 0 22 424 -/+ buffers/cache: 129 851
已用内存=used-buffers-cache
可用内存=free+buffers+cache
shared :表示多个进程共享内存总额
# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000be518 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 1339 10240000 83 Linux /dev/sda3 1339 1594 2048000 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda4 1594 2611 8170496 5 Extended /dev/sda5 1594 2611 8169472 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x7669f3d4 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 133 394 2104515 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 395 652 2072385 83 Linux
2. 查看文件系统磁盘占用情况
# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 9.5G 1.1G 8.0G 12% / tmpfs 491M 0 491M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 477M 28M 425M 7% /boot /dev/sda5 7.6G 164M 7.0G 3% /var /dev/sr0 447M 447M 0 100% /mnt /dev/sdb1 988M 1.3M 935M 1% /tmp/sdb1
3. 查看硬盘的I/O性能高
yum -y install sysstat
# iostat -d -x -k 1 5 Linux 2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64 09/24/2016 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await r_await w_await svctm %util sda 0.10 6.09 0.31 0.94 9.10 28.19 59.59 0.12 98.08 11.61 126.49 6.10 0.76 sdb 0.09 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.15 0.00 4.87 0.00 2.55 2.37 204.00 2.27 0.01 scd0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 7.32 0.00 5.05 5.05 0.00 5.05 0.00 Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await r_await w_await svctm %util sda 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 scd0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
rrqm/s: 每秒进行merge的读操作数目(delta(rmerge)/s)
wrqm/s: 每秒进行merge的写操作数目(delta(wmerge)/s)
r/s :每秒完成的读I/O设备的次数
w/s :每秒完成的写I/O设备的次数
rsec/s: 每秒读扇区数
wsec/s: 每秒写扇区数
await:平均每次设备I/O操作等待时间(单位毫秒),超多5ms表示I/O压力很大
svctm:平均每次设备I/O操作服务等待时间(单位毫秒)
%util:一秒中有百分之多少的时间用于I/O操作,如果%util接近100%,则说明产生的I/O产生的负荷较多,该磁盘存在瓶颈
4. 查看某目录大小
# du -sh /opt/ 12K /opt/
5. 查看分区使用率过高,可以进入该分区挂载点,应用以下命令查看占用空间最多的目录或文件
# du -cks * |sort -rn |head -n 10 456274 total 231477 images 178654 Packages 44420 isolinux 1435 repodata 256 EFI 18 GPL 4 TRANS.TBL 2 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-6 2 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Security-6
# uptime 16:40:30 up 5:25, 2 users, load average: 0.11, 0.15, 0.10
# w 16:41:25 up 5:26, 2 users, load average: 0.04, 0.12, 0.09 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT root pts/0 192.168.0.104 06:48 0.00s 1.37s 0.18s w root pts/1 192.168.0.104 07:21 9:19m 0.04s 0.04s -bash
# vmstat procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu----- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st 1 0 0 356664 33232 435904 0 0 5 13 13 10 0 0 99 0 0
# vmstat 1 4 procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu----- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st 1 0 0 356432 33256 435924 0 0 5 13 13 10 0 0 99 0 0 0 0 0 356400 33256 435924 0 0 0 0 33 25 0 1 100 0 0 0 0 0 356400 33256 435924 0 0 0 0 21 24 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 356400 33264 435924 0 0 0 12 23 28 0 0 100 0 0
(1)proc r:等待运行的进程数 b:处于非中断睡眠状态的进程数
(2)memory swpd:虚拟内存使用情况(KB) free:空闲的内存(kb) buff:被用来缓存的内存数量(KB)
(3)swap si:从磁盘减缓到内存的交换页数量
so:从内存交换到磁盘的交换页数量
(4)io bi:发送到块设备的块数
bo:从块设备接收到的块数
(5)system in:每秒中断数,包括时钟中断
cs:每秒的环境(上下文)切换次数
(6)cpu 按cpu的使用百分比显示
us:CPU的使用时间
uy:CPU的系统使用时间
id:闲置时间
2.查看内核
# uname -r 2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64
# uname -a Linux xuegod35 2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue May 10 17:27:01 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
# file /sbin/init /sbin/init: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.18, stripped
3. 查看发布版本
# yum install redhat-lsb
# lsb_release -a LSB Version: :base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarch Distributor ID: CentOS Description: CentOS release 6.8 (Final) Release: 6.8 Codename: Final
4. 查看系统已载入的模块
# lsmod | grep ipv6 nf_conntrack_ipv6 7985 3 nf_defrag_ipv6 26468 1 nf_conntrack_ipv6 nf_conntrack 79537 2 nf_conntrack_ipv6,xt_state ipv6 336282 305 nfsd,lockd,ip6t_REJECT,nf_conntrack_ipv6,nf_defrag_ipv6
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/love3556/p/5903613.html