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在写接口实现时,有时会有多个实现类。这篇文章介绍在调用时通过传入字符串来指定具体的实现类。
一.接口与实现类:
// 接口
public interface ServiceInterface {
public void method();
}
// 具体两个实现类
@Service("aService")
public class AServiceImpl implements ServiceInterface {
@Override
public void method() {
System.out.println("the impl is A");
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "A";
}
}
@Service("bService")
public class BServiceImpl implements ServiceInterface {
@Override
public void method() {
System.out.println("the impl is B");
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "B";
}
}
在实现类中重写了toString() 方法,可以自定义字符串,当调用时传入指定的字符串就能获取到相应的bean。
二.register书写:
@Service("register")
public class Register implements InitializingBean, ApplicationContextAware {
private Map<String, ServiceInterface> serviceImplMap = new HashMap<>();
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
// 获取spring的上下文
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
// 获取接口实现类的所有bean,并按自己定的规则放入map中
@Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
Map<String, ServiceInterface> beanMap = applicationContext.getBeansOfType(ServiceInterface.class);
// 以下代码是将bean按照自己定的规则放入map中,这里我的规则是key:service.toString();value:bean
// 调用时,参数传入service.toString()的具体字符串就能获取到相应的bean
// 此处也可以不做以下的操作,直接使用beanMap,在调用时,传入bean的名称
for (ServiceInterface serviceImpl : beanMap.values()) {
serviceImplMap.put(serviceImpl.toString(), serviceImpl);
}
}
public ServiceInterface getServiceImpl(String name) {
return serviceImplMap.get(name);
}
}
三.测试类:
@Resource
Register register;
@Test
public void testService() {
ServiceInterface service = register.getServiceImpl("A");
service.method();
ServiceInterface service2 = register.getServiceImpl("B");
service2.method();
}
运行结果,如图:

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备注:
在spring加载后,获取applicationContext的方法:
@Component("informerRegistry")
public final class InformerRegistry implements ApplicationContextAware{
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
}
关于spring常用bean扩展接口可参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/xrq730/p/5721366.html
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:META-INF/spring/*.xml");
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/taocong/p/5946824.html