标签：eth nec 本地 from ant 密钥 logo linu lin
客户端向目标服务器发送登录请求。在SSH 服务启用了证书验证登录方式后，会优先通过证书验证方式进行登录验证。
目标服务器生成一串随机数，然后使用相应的公钥对其加密。
目标服务器将加密后的密文发回客户端。
客户端使用默认目录或 -i 参数指定的私钥尝试解密。
如果解密失败，则会继续尝试密码验证等其它方式进行登录校验。如果解密成功，则将解密后的原文信息重新发送给目标服务器。意思类似于：“看，这是这段话的原文。我能读懂发过来的密文，我拥有服务器的控制权，请让我登录。”
目标服务器对客户端返回的信息进行比对。如果比对成功，则表示认证成功，客户端可以登录。如果对比失败，则表示认证失败，则会继续尝试密码验证等其它方式进行登录校验。
证书校验交互登录流程示意图所示：
1、在客户端本地生成一对儿密钥：
[root@localhost ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ‘‘ -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: cb:e4:e8:69:19:86:f7:52:59:95:43:40:ce:c9:06:b9 root@localhost.localdomain The key‘s randomart image is: +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | .ooo.. | | .= .+ | | .*. . | | E.. | | . So | | . +=o. | | o.=+ | | .+.. | | .o. | +-----------------+
2、在客户端，将公钥复制到要登录的远程主机的某用户的家目录下的特定文件中：
[root@localhost ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.77.131 The authenticity of host ‘192.168.77.131 (192.168.77.131)‘ can‘t be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is dd:6d:e8:68:72:c9:8f:d8:32:18:ba:19:6e:52:4a:60. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys root@192.168.77.131‘s password: Number of key(s) added: 1 Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh ‘root@192.168.77.131‘" and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
3、测试登录：
[root@localhost ~]# ssh root@192.168.77.131 Last login: Sat Mar 25 21:03:27 2017 from 192.168.77.1 [root@localhost ~]# ip addr list ens37 3: ens37: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:f0:98:fd brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.77.131/24 brd 192.168.77.255 scope global dynamic ens37 valid_lft 1280sec preferred_lft 1280sec inet6 fe80::41e6:5671:d095:3c24/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@localhost ~]# exit logout Connection to 192.168.77.131 closed.
6、复制生成的公钥到目标主机的/root/.ssh/authorized_keys 尾部追加
[root@localhost ~]# echo ‘ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA1WPScj31fl+c8biyb9PbQILRX5s4fZkdaOAqy2d043edDkbVi0FHymyVELu5cIBmJ8oQIBnHAs9jQmzxyDNQoZ0hO3lUC6a9eqp0kgj/dX31FghJzCVK5+dE9qSvGu6nRz3wN5F/xvs/hTuFzipFBwB1C51lchdrUiZcDfSrqMkWhKcmF+axK0CKHSDo2lwxqYCcW9b1d7Ww==‘ >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
7、复制完成后返回Xshell，输入目标主机IP，用户身份认证选择公钥认证：
点击“确定” 就能连接上了。
Linux SSH 基于密钥交换的自动登录原理简介及配置说明
标签：eth nec 本地 from ant 密钥 logo linu lin
原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/chengtai/p/6618621.html
