SpringMVC 学习笔记

<!-- Web 应用加载参数，即 servlet context 参数 -->
<servlet>
  <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
  <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  <init-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
  </init-param>
  <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
  <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/in-pages/"></property>
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "test")
public class TestRequestMapping {

    private static final String MESSAGE = "welcome";

    @RequestMapping(value = "get/{param}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String get(@PathVariable("param") Integer param) {
        System.out.println("getMe:" + param + ";");
        return MESSAGE;
    }
……

<form action="test/put/123" method="post">
    <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT">
    <input type="submit" value="提交PUT请求">
</form>

@RequestMapping(value = "pojo")
public String pojo(User user) {
    System.out.println(user);
    return MESSAGE;
}

<form action="test/pojo" method="post">
    用户名:<input type="text" name="name"><br/>
    密码: <input type="password" name="password"><br/>
    省份: <input type="text" name="address.province"><br/>
    城市: <input type="text" name="address.city"><br/>
    <input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>

@RequestMapping("testModelAndView")
public ModelAndView testModelAndView() {
    ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
    ModelMap modelMap = mav.getModelMap();
    User user = new User("cdf", "123456");
    modelMap.addAttribute("user", user);
    mav.setViewName("welcome");
    return mav;
}

@RequestMapping("testModelAndView2")
    public String testModelAndView(Model model, Map<String, Object> map) {
        User user = new User("cdf", "123456");
        model.addAttribute("user", user);
        map.put("date", new Date());
        return "welcome";
    }
}

@SessionAttributes(names = { "user" }, types = { com.cdf.springmvc.modelandview.User.class })
@Controller
public class TestHandler {
    @RequestMapping("testSessionAttribute")
    public String testSessionAttribute(Model model) {
        User user = new User("cdf", "123456");
        model.addAttribute("user", user);
        return "welcome";
    }
……

<form action="testModelAndView4" method="post">
    name：<input type="text" name="name"><br/>
    password：<input type="password" name="password"><br/>
    <input type="submit" value="提交"><br/>
</form>

@RequestMapping("testModelAndView4")
public ModelAndView testModelAndView(@ModelAttribute("u") User user) {
    ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("welcome");
    return mv;
}

<h1>Welcome, ${requestScope.u.name }!<br/>your password is ${requestScope.u.password }</h1>

@ModelAttribute
public void testPre() {
    System.out.println("Pre");
}

@RequestMapping("testModelAndView4")
public ModelAndView testModelAndView() {
    ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("welcome");
    return mv;
}

<bean>
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/in-pages/"></property>
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>

// 自定义视图，使用 BeanNameViewResolver 解析返回值（myview）并，实现把 model 的 value 都输出到返回的页面中去。
@Component
public class MyView implements View {

    @Override
    public String getContentType() {
        return "text/html;charset=uft-8";
    }

    @Override
    public void render(Map<String, ?> model, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws Exception {
        PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
        Collection<?> values = model.values();
        for (Object object : values) {
            writer.write(object.toString());
        }
    }
}

@RequestMapping("testView")
public String testView(Map<String, Object> map) {
    map.put("1", new String("now is "));
    map.put("2", new Date());
    map.put("3", new String(",welcome!"));
    return "myView";// 返回上面自定义的 View
}

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/in-pages/"></property>
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    <property name="order" value="2"></property>
</bean>

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver">
    <property name="order" value="1"></property>
</bean>

<bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
    <property name="basename" value="i18n"></property>
</bean>

<mvc:view-controller path="straightRedirect" view-name="welcome"/>

<!-- 开启组件扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.cdf"></context:component-scan>

<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

<!-- 引入外部文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>

<!-- 配置C3P0连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
    <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
</bean>

<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" lass="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <constructor-arg name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></constructor-arg>
</bean>

<!-- 开启声明式事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven mode="proxy" transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

<!-- 使用具名参数的 JdbcTemplate -->
<bean id="namedParameterJdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate">
    <constructor-arg name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></constructor-arg>
</bean>

<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>

<!-- 处理静态资源 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

@Component
@RequestMapping
public class MyHandler {
    @Autowired
    private UserDAO userDAO;
    @Autowired
    private DepartmentDAO departmentDAO;

    // 显示 User 列表
    @RequestMapping(value = { "/users" }, method = { RequestMethod.GET })
    public String showUserList(Map<String, Object> map) {
        List<User> allUsers = userDAO.getAllUsers();
        map.put("users", allUsers);
        return "user-list";
    }

    // 去 User 编辑页面
    @RequestMapping(value = { "/user/{id}" }, method = { RequestMethod.GET })
    public String toEditUser(@PathVariable(name = "id") Integer id, Map<String, Object> map) {
        List<Department> allDepartments = departmentDAO.getAllDepartments();
        map.put("departments", allDepartments);// 用于下拉列表
        map.put("user", userDAO.getUserById(id));// 用于回显
        return "user-edit";
    }

    // 去 User 添加页面
    @RequestMapping(value = { "/user" }, method = { RequestMethod.GET })
    public String toAddUser(Map<String, Object> map) {
        List<Department> allDepartments = departmentDAO.getAllDepartments();
        map.put("departments", allDepartments);
        map.put("user", new User());
        return "user-edit";
    }

    // 添加 User
    @RequestMapping(value = { "/user" }, method = { RequestMethod.POST })
    public String addUser(User user) {
        userDAO.saveUser(user);
        return "redirect:/users";
    }

    // 修改 User
    @RequestMapping(value = { "/user" }, method = { RequestMethod.PUT })
    public String editUser(User user) {
        userDAO.updateUser(user);
        return "redirect:/users";
    }

    // 删除 User
    @RequestMapping(value = { "/user/{id}" }, method = { RequestMethod.DELETE })
    public String deleteUser(@PathVariable(name = "id") Integer id) {
        userDAO.deleteUser(id);
        return "redirect:/users";
    }
}

<body>
    <h1 align="center">User List</h1>
    <table align="center" border="1px" width="50%" cellspacing="0px">
        <tr>
            <th>ID</th>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>Email</th>
            <th>Gender</th>
            <th>Department</th>
            <th>Operation</th>
        </tr>
        <c:forEach items="${requestScope.users }" var="user">
            <tr align="center">
                <td>${user.id }</td>
                <td>${user.name }</td>
                <td>${user.email }</td>
                <td>${user.gender==0?‘女‘:‘男‘}</td>
                <td>${user.depId }</td>
                <td>
                    <a class="delete" href="user/${user.id }">删除</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="user/${user.id }">修改</a>
                </td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
    </table>

    <h3 align="center"><a href="user" style="text-decoration: none;color: orange;">Add New User</a></h3>

    <!-- 用于删除操作 -->
    <form action="" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE">
    </form>
</body>

<body>
    <div style="float: left; border: 50px auto;">
        <%
            Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
            map.put("1", "男");
            map.put("0", "女");
            request.setAttribute("genders", map);
            boolean flag = false;
        %>
        <!-- SpringMVC 认为表单值一定要回显，默认情况下会使用"command"到 request 域对象中找对应的数据。
        可以使用 form:form 中 的 modelAttribute 属性指定使用哪个 key 到 request 域对象中找数据。 -->
        <form:form action="${pageContext.servletConfig.servletContext.contextPath }/user" method="post" modelAttribute="user">
            <!-- 以 User 的  id 字段是否为空判断 修改/添加 操作 -->
            <c:if test="${empty requestScope.user.id }">
                <!-- 添加 -->
                Name:<form:input path="name" />
                <!-- path 相当于传统 input 标签的 name 属性，支持级联 -->
            </c:if>
            <c:if test="${not empty requestScope.user.id }">
                <!-- 修改，这里的 id 值为回显的值，由于指定了 modelAttribute，所以值是拿的到的，
                这样一来修改完的 User 就是完整的了，不会存在缺少id的情况 -->
                <form:hidden path="id" />
                <!-- 对于_method 不能使用 form:hidden 标签，因为 modelAttribute 对应的 bean 中没有 _method 属性，
                因此回显数据的时候找不到对应的属性就会报错 -->
                <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT">
            </c:if>
            <br />

            Email:<form:input path="email" />
            <br />

            Gender:<form:radiobuttons path="gender"
                items="${requestScope.genders }" />
            <br />

            <!-- 由于 User 的 Department 依靠 depId 这个 int 型字段，发送请求后封装到 user 需要 depId，所以这里的 path 是 depId -->
            <!-- itemLabel、itemValue 分别是每个 item 的显示名和表单传的 value 值 -->
            <!-- 最终传到后台的会是 path=itemValue 形式 -->
            Department:<form:select path="depId"
                items="${requestScope.departments }" itemLabel="name" itemValue="id"></form:select>
            <br />

            <c:if test="${empty requestScope.user.id }">
                <input type="submit" value="Add User" />
            </c:if>
            <c:if test="${not empty requestScope.user.id }">
                <input type="submit" value="Update User" />
            </c:if>
        </form:form>
    </div>
</body>

<bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean">
    <property name="converters" ref="myConverter"></property>
</bean>

<!-- 将自定义的 ConversionService 注册到 SpringMVC 的上下文中 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"></mvc:annotation-driven>

@Component
public class MyConverter implements Converter<String, User> {
    @Override
    public User convert(String param) {
        String[] parts = param.split("-", 4);// 请求参数格式：name-email-gender-department
        if (parts == null)
            return null;
        User user = new User();
        user.setName(parts[0]);
        user.setEmail(parts[1]);
        user.setGender(Integer.parseInt(parts[2]));
        user.setDepId(Integer.parseInt(parts[3]));
        return user;
    }
}

// 测试自定义 Converter
@RequestMapping(value = { "/converter" }, method = { RequestMethod.POST })
public String testConverter(@RequestParam(value = "user") User user) {
    System.out.println("请求字符串通过 MyConverter 解析后，得到的 User 是：\n" + user);
    userDAO.saveUser(user);
    return "redirect:/users";
}

@InitBinder
public void testInitBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {
    binder.setDisallowedFields("name");
}

@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd")
private Date birthday;

// 添加 User
@RequestMapping(value = { "/user" }, method = { RequestMethod.POST })
public String addUser(User user, BindingResult result) {
    List<FieldError> fieldErrors = result.getFieldErrors();
    for (FieldError fieldError : fieldErrors) {
        System.out.println("错误发生在：" + fieldError.getField() + "\n错误信息：" + fieldError.getDefaultMessage());
    }
    userDAO.saveUser(user);
    return "redirect:/users";
}

@Past
private Date birthday;

// 添加 User
@RequestMapping(value = { "/user" }, method = { RequestMethod.POST })
public String addUser(@Valid @ModelAttribute("user") User user, BindingResult result, Map<String, Object> map) {
    List<FieldError> fieldErrors = result.getFieldErrors();
    System.out.println(user.getBirthday());
    if (result.hasErrors()) {// 出错，回到添加页面
        for (FieldError fieldError : fieldErrors) {
            System.out.println("错误发生在：" + fieldError.getField() + "\n错误信息：" + fieldError.getDefaultMessage());
        }
        map.put("departments", departmentDAO.getAllDepartments());
        return "user-edit";
    }
    userDAO.saveUser(user);
    return "redirect:/users";
}

<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService">
    <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
        <!-- @ResponseBody 乱码问题，将 StringHttpMessageConverter 的默认编码设为UTF-8 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
            <constructor-arg value="UTF-8" />
        </bean>
        <!-- 配置 fastjson 支持 -->
        <bean
            class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter">
            <property name="charset" value="UTF-8" />
            <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                <list>
                    <value>application/json</value>
                    <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
                </list>
            </property>
        </bean>
    </mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>

// 测试接收异步并返回 json 数据
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = { "/ajax" }, method = { RequestMethod.POST })
public String testAJAX() {
    return "测试异步获取信息-使用 fastjson";
}

<div>
    <a id="ajax" href="ajax">异步请求：弹框显示返回信息</a>
</div>

$("#ajax").click(function() {
    var url = $(this).attr("href");
    $.ajax({
        type:"POST",
        url:url,
        success:function(msg){
            alert(msg);
        }
    })
    return false;
});

<!-- 配置拦截器 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor"></bean>
</mvc:interceptors>

<!-- 配置 LocaleResolver -->
<bean id="localeResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver"></bean>

<form:form
    action="${pageContext.servletContext.contextPath }/fileUpload"
    method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <input type="file" name="file">
    <input type="submit" value="上传">
</form:form>

<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
    <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
    <property name="maxUploadSize" value="1024000"></property>
</bean>

@RequestMapping(value = { "/fileUpload" }, method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String fileRec(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file, HttpSession session) {
    System.out.println("接收文件的真实文件名：" + file.getOriginalFilename());
    System.out.println("MultipartFile 对象 file 的实际类型：" + file.getClass().getName());

    InputStream inputStream = null;
    OutputStream fos = null;
    BufferedInputStream bis = null;
    BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
    try {
        // MultipartFile 内建了 InputStream
        inputStream = file.getInputStream();
        System.out.println("MultipartFile 封装的输入流的真实类型：" + inputStream);
        bis = new BufferedInputStream(inputStream);

        // 将获取到的文件存储到 FileRec 目录下
        ServletContext servletContext = session.getServletContext();
        String realPath = servletContext.getRealPath("FileRec");
        String path = realPath + File.separator + file.getOriginalFilename();
        System.out.println("存储路径：" + path);

        fos = new FileOutputStream(path);
        bos = new BufferedOutputStream(fos);

        int len = 0;
        byte[] b = new byte[1024];
        while ((len = bis.read(b)) != -1) {
            bos.write(b, 0, len);
        }
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
        try {
            if (bos != null) {
                bos.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        try {
            if (bis != null) {
                bis.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    return "user-list";
}

public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println("MyInterceptor----preHandle");
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
            ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("MyInterceptor----postHandle");
    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println("MyInterceptor----afterCompletion");
    }

}

public class MyInterceptor2 implements HandlerInterceptor {

    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println("MyInterceptor2----preHandle");
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
            ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("MyInterceptor2----postHandle");
    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println("MyInterceptor2----afterCompletion");
    }

}

<!-- 配置拦截器，在 mvc:interceptors 标签中声明的 Interceptor 会拦截所有请求。 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
    <mvc:interceptor>
        <!-- 在 mvc:interceptor 标签中声明的 Interceptor 会拦截对应 mvc:mapping 定义的请求。 -->
        <mvc:mapping path="/testMyInterceptor" />
        <bean class="com.cdf.interceptor.MyInterceptor"></bean>
    </mvc:interceptor>
    <mvc:interceptor>
        <mvc:mapping path="/testMyInterceptor" />
        <bean class="com.cdf.interceptor.MyInterceptor2"></bean>
    </mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>

<a href="${pageContext.servletContext.contextPath }/testMyInterceptor">测试拦截器</a>

@RequestMapping(value = "/testMyInterceptor", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String testInterceptor() {
    System.out.println("成功进入…");
    return "redirect:users";
}

@ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)
public ModelAndView testAdvice(RuntimeException e) {
    ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("error");
    mv.addObject("exception", e);
    return mv;
}

// 测试异常处理
@RequestMapping(value = "/testRuntimeException", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String testNullPointerException() {
    throw new RuntimeException("测试异常");
}

// 测试我的异常处理
@RequestMapping(value = "/testMyException", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String testMyException() {
    throw new MyException("测试我的异常");
}

@ControllerAdvice
public class MyExceptionHandler {

    @ExceptionHandler
    public ModelAndView testMyExceptionHandler(MyException e) {
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("advice", e);
        return mv;
    }
}

@ResponseStatus(value = HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, reason = "我们不是谷歌，我们只是谷歌的搬运工~")
public class MyException extends RuntimeException {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public MyException() {
        super();
    }

    public MyException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }

}

<!-- 配置 SimpleMappingExceptionResolver 让异常发生时响应其对应的视图-->
<bean id="simpleMappingExceptionResolver"
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
    <property name="exceptionMappings">
        <props>
            <prop key="com.cdf.exception.MyException">runtime-exception</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
</bean>