标签：磁盘 min file sql member down dmi ace 不同
Oracle数据库的备份方式有冷备份和热备份两种，针对这两种备份的实施过程记录如下：
一、Oracle冷备份
概念
数据库在关闭状态下完成所有物理系统文件拷贝的过程，也称脱机备份
适合于非归档模式（noarchivelog）下，数据库处于一致性状态
步骤
冷备脚本的写法
首先应该在相关视图里查出数据库的数据文件，日志文件，控制文件，临时文件所在的位置
注意：不要直接在oradata下进行cp就行了，因为生产库里各个文件通常分布在不同的磁盘，不同的地方，所以在去视图里获得真实路径
冷备份操作
1）查看Oracle数据库的日志模式，如果是归档模式，将需要将数据库设置为noarchivelog模式(非归档模式)，从而进行冷备份。
SQL> archive log list Database log mode No Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled //Enabled表示为归档模式 Archive destination /u01/admin/denver/archdest Oldest online log sequence 1 Current log sequence 1 SQL> startup mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 422670336 bytes Fixed Size 1336960 bytes Variable Size 314575232 bytes Database Buffers 100663296 bytes Redo Buffers 6094848 bytes Database mounted. SQL> alter database noarchivelog Database altered. SQL> archive log list Database log mode No Archive Mode Automatic archival Disabled //Disabled表示为归档模式 Archive destination /u01/admin/denver/archdest Oldest online log sequence 1 Current log sequence 1 SQL> alter database open; Database altered.
2）查看实例和数据库的相关信息
SQL> select instance_name,version,status,archiver,database_status from v$instance;
INSTANCE_NAME VERSION STATUS ARCHIVE DATABASE_STATUS
---------------- ----------------- ------------ ------- -----------------
orcl 10.2.0.1.0 OPEN STOPPED ACTIVE
SQL> select dbid,name,log_mode from v$database;
DBID NAME LOG_MODE
---------- --------- ------------
1242732291 ORCL NOARCHIVELOG
3）查看数据文件及状态信息
SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name,status,online_status from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME TABLESPACE STATUS ONLINE_
------------------------------------------------------- ---------- --------- -------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf UNDOTBS1 AVAILABLE ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf SYSTEM AVAILABLE SYSTEM
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX AVAILABLE ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf USERS AVAILABLE ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf EXAMPLE AVAILABLE ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs1_1.dbf TBS1 AVAILABLE ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs1_2.dbf TBS1 AVAILABLE ONLINE
4）查看数据文件
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs1_1.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs1_2.dbf
5）查看临时文件
SQL> select name from v$tempfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf
6）查看日志文件
SQL> select member from v$logfile;
MEMBER
------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo2a.rdo
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo2b.rdo
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo1a.rdo
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo3a.rdo
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo3b.rdo
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo1b.rdo
7）查看控制文件
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;
NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl
8）创建备份目录
SQL> ho mkdir /u01/app/oracle/coolbak
9）使用连接符生成复制文件命令
SQL> select ‘ho cp ‘ || name || ‘ /u01/app/oracle/coolbak‘ from v$controlfile;
‘HOCP‘||NAME||‘/U01/APP/ORACLE/COOLBAK‘
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ho cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl /u01/app/oracle/coolbak
ho cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl /u01/app/oracle/coolbak
将上面的输入保存为tmpbak.sql
SQL> save /tmp/tmpbak.sql; Created file /tmp/tmpbak.sql
标签：磁盘 min file sql member down dmi ace 不同
原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/7699469.html
