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Linux下部署Samba服务环境的操作记录

时间:2018-03-12 20:58:55      阅读:880      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

标签:driver   文件传输   sea   tin   emd   inter   传输   st3   div   

 

关于Linux和Windows系统之间的文件传输,很多人选择使用FTP,相对较安全,但是有时还是会出现一些问题,比如上传文件时,文件名莫名出现乱码,文件大小改变等问题。相比较来说,使用Samba作为文件共享,就省事简洁多了。Samba服务器通信协议(Server Messages Block)就是是为了解决局域网内的文件或打印机等资源的共享服务问题,让多个主机之间共享文件变成越来越简单。下面简单介绍下,在Centos7下部署Samba服务的操作记录(测试机192.168.10.204):

1)安装Samba

[root@samba-server ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) 
[root@samba-server ~]# rpm -qa|grep samba
[root@samba-server ~]# yum install -y samba

2)安全角度考虑,需要设置防火墙策略(不要关闭防火墙)

添加samba服务到防火墙策略中
[root@samba-server ~]# firewall-cmd --add-service samba --permanent
success
 
重启防火墙
[root@samba-server ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
 
查看samba服务是否添加到防火墙中:
[root@samba-server ~]# firewall-cmd --list-all|grep samba
  services: ssh dhcpv6-client samba
  
记住:一定要关闭selinux(否则会造成windows客户机连接Samba失败)
[root@samba-server ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux
.....
SELINUX=disabled

[root@samba-server kevin]# setenforce 0
[root@samba-server kevin]# getenforce 
Permissive

3)配置Samba服务文件

[root@samba-server ~]# cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.bak
[root@samba-server ~]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf
# See smb.conf.example for a more detailed config file or
# read the smb.conf manpage.
# Run ‘testparm‘ to verify the config is correct after
# you modified it.

[global]                                                   //全局配置
     workgroup = SAMBA
     security = user

     passdb backend = tdbsam

     printing = cups
     printcap name = cups
     load printers = yes
     cups options = raw

[homes]
     comment = Home Directories
     valid users = %S, %D%w%S
     browseable = No
     read only = No
     inherit acls = Yes

[printers]                                                 //共享打印机配置
     comment = All Printers
     path = /var/tmp
     printable = Yes
     create mask = 0600
     browseable = No

[print$]
     comment = Printer Drivers
     path = /var/lib/samba/drivers
     write list = root
     create mask = 0664
     directory mask = 0775

[kevin]                                                    //这一段是新添加的内容
       comment = please do not modify it all will          //comment是对该共享的描述,可以是任意字符串
       path= /home/kevin                                   //共享的路径
       writable = yes                                      //是否写入
       public = no                                         //是否公开

4)添加kevin账号(如上配置中添加的内容)

设置为不予许登入系统,且用户的家目录为 /home/kevin(相当于虚拟账号)的kevin账号。
[root@samba-server ~]# useradd -d /home/kevin -s /sbin/nologin kevin

5)pdbedit 命令说明

pdbedit 命令用于管理Samba服务的帐户信息数据库,格式为:"pdbedit [选项] 帐户"
第一次把用户信息写入到数据库时需要使用-a参数,以后修改用户密码、删除用户等等操作就不再需要了。

pdbedit -L :查看samba用户
pdbedit -a -u user:添加samba用户
pdbedit -r -u user:修改samba用户信息
pdbedit -x -u user:删除samba用户

samba服务数据库的密码也可以用 smbpasswd 命令 操作
smbpasswd -a user:添加一个samba用户
smbpasswd -d user:禁用一个samba用户
smbpasswd -e user:恢复一个samba用户
smbpasswd -x user:删除一个samba用户

6)将kevin添加为samba用户

[root@samba-server ~]# id kevin
uid=1001(kevin) gid=1001(kevin) groups=1001(kevin)

[root@samba-server ~]# pdbedit -a -u kevin
new password:                              //设置kevin使用的samba账号密码,比如123456
retype new password:                       //确认密码
Unix username:        kevin
NT username:          
Account Flags:        [U          ]
User SID:             S-1-5-21-33923925-2092173964-3757452328-1000
Primary Group SID:    S-1-5-21-33923925-2092173964-3757452328-513
Full Name:            
Home Directory:       \\samba-server\kevin
HomeDir Drive:        
Logon Script:         
Profile Path:         \\samba-server\kevin\profile
Domain:               SAMBA-SERVER
Account desc:         
Workstations:         
Munged dial:          
Logon time:           0
Logoff time:          Wed, 06 Feb 2036 23:06:39 CST
Kickoff time:         Wed, 06 Feb 2036 23:06:39 CST
Password last set:    Mon, 12 Mar 2018 18:07:58 CST
Password can change:  Mon, 12 Mar 2018 18:07:58 CST
Password must change: never
Last bad password   : 0
Bad password count  : 0
Logon hours         : FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

接着修改samba用户的家目录权限
[root@samba-server ~]# chown -Rf kevin.kevin /home/kevin

7)启动Samba服务

[root@samba-server ~]# systemctl start smb
[root@samba-server ~]# systemctl enable smb
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service.
[root@samba-server ~]# systemctl restart smb
[root@samba-server ~]# systemctl status smb
● smb.service - Samba SMB Daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2018-03-12 18:11:20 CST; 3s ago
 Main PID: 977 (smbd)
   Status: "smbd: ready to serve connections..."
   CGroup: /system.slice/smb.service
           ├─977 /usr/sbin/smbd
           ├─978 /usr/sbin/smbd
           ├─979 /usr/sbin/smbd
           └─980 /usr/sbin/smbd

Mar 12 18:11:19 samba-server systemd[1]: Starting Samba SMB Daemon...
Mar 12 18:11:19 samba-server systemd[1]: smb.service: Supervising process 977 which is not our child. We‘ll most likely not... exits.
Mar 12 18:11:20 samba-server smbd[977]: [2018/03/12 18:11:20.065982,  0] ../lib/util/become_daemon.c:124(daemon_ready)
Mar 12 18:11:20 samba-server systemd[1]: Started Samba SMB Daemon.
Mar 12 18:11:20 samba-server smbd[977]:   STATUS=daemon ‘smbd‘ finished starting up and ready to serve connections
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

8)开始测试
先往共享路径/home/kevin里添加点内容

[root@samba-server kevin]# touch test1 test2 test3
[root@samba-server kevin]# mkdir a1 a2 a3
[root@samba-server kevin]# ls
a1  a2  a3  test1  test2  test3

接着再windos 客户机本地测试。”Win+E键"打开,在最上面的"网络"地址栏输入“\\192.168.10.204”,然后回车,输入上面设置的samba账号kevin及其密码,就能共享到linux上的/home/kevin下的文件了

技术分享图片

技术分享图片

技术分享图片

连接上后,就可以在windows和linux直接进行文件夹的共享操作了,可以让里面放点测试文件

技术分享图片

技术分享图片

技术分享图片

如果在windows客户机上连接Samba出现网络错误:Windows 无法访问\\192.168.10.204\kevin,解决办法如下:

查看上下文的安全关系
[root@samba-server ~]# semanage kevin -a -t samba_share_t /home/kevin/
-bash: semanage: command not found

如果系统出现上面的报错 ,说明你系统里没有安装 semanage命令,下面开始安装semanage:

[root@samba-server ~]# yum provides /usr/sbin/semanage
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.0x.sg
 * epel: mirror.dmmlabs.jp
 * extras: mirror.0x.sg
 * updates: mirror.0x.sg
policycoreutils-python-2.5-17.1.el7.x86_64 : SELinux policy core python utilities        //这个是安装包
Repo        : base
Matched from:
Filename    : 

[root@samba-server ~]# yum install -y policycoreutils-python

然后再执行一次,执行完成后,不要忘了刷新上下文关系
[root@samba-server ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t samba_share_t /home/kevin
[root@samba-server ~]# restorecon -Rv /home/kevin

允许SElinux对于SMB用户共享家目录的布尔值

重启Samba
[root@samba-server ~]# systemctl restart smb

Linux下部署Samba服务环境的操作记录

标签:driver   文件传输   sea   tin   emd   inter   传输   st3   div   

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/8550810.html

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