python3 requests + BeautifulSoup 爬取阳光网投诉贴详情实例代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sat Jul 21 09:13:07 2018
@author: brave_man
email: 1979887709@qq.com

这里先说一个坑。。
页面不存在404的坑。
首先，我们把包含30个投诉的一个页面，称作一个主界面。每一个主界面是包含有30个投诉贴，我们获取每一个投诉贴的超链接，
然后，将获取到的超链接传到getDetails()中，去获取每一个投诉贴的详细内容，包括标题，内容，处理状态等。
当我第一次爬的时候，爬到第十页，显示索引超出了范围，就去找了一下，打开相关投诉贴，显示的是404，页面不存在，程序报错了。
为了增强我们小蜘蛛的健壮性，在获取每个投诉贴详情的时候，先用try语句试一下，当然，前提是你已经确定在获取网页元素的
时候不会出错。
"""

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
#import json
#from threading import Thread
import urllib
from time import sleep

def getDetails(url):
    try:
        headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:6.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/6.0"}
        res = requests.get("{}".format(url), headers = headers)
        res.encoding = "GBK"
        soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, "html.parser")
            
        try:
            content = soup.select(".contentext")[0].text.strip()
        except:
            content = soup.select(".greyframe")[0].text.split("\n")[7].strip()
                    
        try:
            imgUrl = "http://wz.sun0769.com/" + soup.select(".textpic")[0].img["src"]
            imgSaveUrl = "D:\\downloadPhotos" + "\\" + soup.select(".textpic")[0].img["src"][-10:]
            urllib.request.urlretrieve(imgUrl, "D:\\downloadPhotos" + "\\" + soup.select(".textpic")[0].img["src"][-10:])
        except:
            imgSaveUrl = "无图片"
                
        try:
            status = soup.select(".qgrn")[0].text
        except:
            try:
                status = soup.select(".qblue")[0].text
            except:
                status = soup.select(".qred")[0].text
            
        details = {"Title": soup.select(".tgray14")[0].text[4:-12].strip(),
                   "Code": soup.select(".tgray14")[0].text[-8:-2],
                   "Picture": imgSaveUrl,
                   "Content": content,
                   "Status": status,
                   "NetFriend": soup.select(".te12h")[0].text.lstrip("  网友：")[0:-27],
                   "Time": soup.select(".te12h")[0].text[-21:-2]}
#        jd = json.dumps(details)
#        print(type(jd))
        try:
            with open("saveComplaints.txt", "a") as f:
                f.write(str(details))
        except:
            print("存入失败")
    except:
        print("页面不存在")
        sleep(5)


def getA(url):
    headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:6.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/6.0"}
    res = requests.get("{}".format(url), headers = headers)
    res.encoding = "GBK"
    soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, "html.parser")
    for i in soup.select(".news14"):
        url = i["href"]
        getDetails(url)

    
def getPages():
    rUrl = "http://wz.sun0769.com/index.php/question/questionType?type=4&page="
    for i in range(30):
        url = rUrl + str((i - 1) * 30)
        getA(url)

if __name__ == "__main__":
#    getA("http://wz.sun0769.com/index.php/question/questionType?type=4")
#    getDetails("http://wz.sun0769.com/html/question/201807/379074.shtml")
    getPages()

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sat Jul 21 13:51:40 2018
@author: brave_man
email: 1979887709@qq.com
"""

import json

try:
    with open("saveComplaints.txt", "r") as f:
        print("开始读取")
        s = f.readline()
#        print(s)
except:
    print("存入失败")

# 将文件中数据读取出来
s1 = s.encode("utf8").decode("unicode-escape")
print(s1)

# 转换成json格式
jd = json.dumps(s1)
print(jd)


#d = {"name": "张飞", "age": "29"}
#print(str(d))
#jd = json.dumps(d)
#print(jd)
#js = json.loads(jd)
#print(js)