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C#利用NPOI操作Excel文件

时间:2018-09-11 23:56:48      阅读:246      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

标签:单位   eric   ase   font   time   blank   保存   ==   代码   

  NPOI作为开源免费的组件,功能强大,可用来读写Excel(兼容xls和xlsx两种版本)、Word、PPT文件。可是要让我们记住所有的操作,这便有点困难了,至此,总结一些在开发中常用的针对Excel的简单。NPOI官网地址

  本文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/CKExp/p/9626022.html

 

一、NPOI的安装

  下载NPOI或是通过Nuget包加入进来,然后在代码中引用如下命名空间,然后开始读写Excel文件。

using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.SS.Util;

 

二、NPOI写入Excel文件

  在NPOI中,使用HSSFWorkbook类类来处理xls结尾的Excel文件(版本在2003及以前),XSSFWorkbook类来处理xlsx结尾的Excel文件(版本在2007及以后),都继承自接口IWorkbook,我们可以使用IWorkbook来统一处理两种不同格式的Excel文件。

  直接参考相关代码即可,对于合并单元格的跨行跨列操作,无需将被跨掉的行生成新行,合并单元格的信息是单独保存的。设置单元格样式时,请创建一个新的样式对象,不创建将使用默认的样式对象。

  1 /// <summary>
  2 /// Datable导出到Excel
  3 /// </summary>
  4 /// <returns></returns>
  5 public static void DataTableToExcel()
  6 {    
  7     //一些已有数据信息
  8     bool fileSaved = false;
  9     SaveFileDialog saveDialog = new SaveFileDialog
 10     {
 11         DefaultExt = "xls",
 12         Filter = "Excel文件|*.xls",
 13         FileName = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd") + "-" + enterpriseTable.Rows[0]["名称"].ToString() + "委托书"
 14     };
 15     saveDialog.ShowDialog();
 16     string saveFileName = saveDialog.FileName;
 17     if (saveFileName.IndexOf(":") < 0) return; //被点了取消
 18     if (saveFileName != "")
 19     {
 20         try
 21         {
 22             IWorkbook workbook;
 23             string fileExt = System.IO.Path.GetExtension(saveFileName).ToLower();
 24             if (fileExt == ".xlsx")
 25             {
 26                 workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
 27             }
 28             else if (fileExt == ".xls")
 29             {
 30                 workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
 31             }
 32             else
 33             {
 34                 return;
 35             }
 36 
 37             ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet("Sheet1");
 38 
 39             sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 3, 0, 9));//合并单元格
 40             IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(0);//创建首行
 41             ICell cell = row.CreateCell(0);//行中创建第一列
 42             cell.SetCellValue("标题");
 43             ICellStyle style = workbook.CreateCellStyle();//设置样式,创建新的style实例,脱离统一样式
 44             style.Alignment = NPOI.SS.UserModel.HorizontalAlignment.Center;//设置单元格的样式:水平对齐居中
 45             style.VerticalAlignment = NPOI.SS.UserModel.VerticalAlignment.Center;
 46 
 47             IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();//新建一个字体样式对象
 48             font.Boldweight = short.MaxValue; //设置字体加粗样式
 49             style.SetFont(font); //使用SetFont方法将字体样式添加到单元格样式中 
 50             cell.CellStyle = style; //将新的样式赋给单元格
 51 
 52             sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(4, 4, 1, 4));
 53             sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(4, 4, 6, 9));
 54             row = sheet.CreateRow(4);
 55             cell = row.CreateCell(0);
 56             cell.SetCellValue("编号:");
 57             cell = row.CreateCell(1);
 58             cell.SetCellValue(planCode);
 59             cell = row.CreateCell(5);
 60             cell.SetCellValue("日期:");
 61             cell = row.CreateCell(6);
 62             cell.SetCellValue(taskPlantable.Rows[0]["编制日期"].ToString());
 63 
 64             sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(5, 5, 1, 4));
 65             sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(5, 5, 6, 9));
 66             row = sheet.CreateRow(5);
 67             cell = row.CreateCell(0);
 68             cell.SetCellValue("单位:");
 69             cell = row.CreateCell(1);
 70             cell.SetCellValue(enterpriseTable.Rows[0]["名称"].ToString());
 71             cell = row.CreateCell(5);
 72             cell.SetCellValue("联系人:");
 73             cell = row.CreateCell(6);
 74             cell.SetCellValue(enterpriseTable.Rows[0]["联系人"].ToString());
 75 
 76             sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(6, 6, 1, 4));
 77             sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(6, 6, 6, 9));
 78             row = sheet.CreateRow(6);
 79             cell = row.CreateCell(0);
 80             cell.SetCellValue("传真:");
 81             cell = row.CreateCell(1);
 82             cell.SetCellValue(enterpriseTable.Rows[0]["传真"].ToString());
 83             cell = row.CreateCell(5);
 84             cell.SetCellValue("联系电话:");
 85             cell = row.CreateCell(6);
 86             cell.SetCellValue(enterpriseTable.Rows[0]["电话"].ToString());
 87 
 88             sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(7, 7, 1, 9));
 89             row = sheet.CreateRow(7);
 90             cell = row.CreateCell(0);
 91             cell.SetCellValue("详细地址:");
 92             cell = row.CreateCell(1);
 93             cell.SetCellValue(enterpriseTable.Rows[0]["详细地址"].ToString());
 94 
 95             int index = 7;
 96             //数据
 97             for (int i = 0; i < taskProjectTable.Rows.Count; i++)
 98             {
 99                 index++;
100                 sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(index, index, 1, 4));
101                 sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(index, index, 6, 9));
102                 row = sheet.CreateRow(index);
103                 cell = row.CreateCell(0);
104                 cell.SetCellValue("名称:");
105                 cell = row.CreateCell(1);
106                 cell.SetCellValue(taskProjectTable.Rows[i]["名称"].ToString());
107                 cell = row.CreateCell(5);
108                 cell.SetCellValue("类型:");
109                 cell = row.CreateCell(6);
110                 cell.SetCellValue(taskProjectTable.Rows[i]["项目类型"].ToString());
111 
112                 index++;
113                 sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(index, index, 0, 2));
114                 sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(index, index, 3, 5));
115                 sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(index, index, 6, 9));
116                 row = sheet.CreateRow(index);
117                 cell = row.CreateCell(0);
118                 cell.SetCellValue("项目");
119                 cell = row.CreateCell(3);
120                 cell.SetCellValue("方法");
121                 cell = row.CreateCell(6);
122                 cell.SetCellValue("仪器");
123                 
124                 //获取数据信息
125                 DataTable taskDataTable = mysql.GetTableFromSQL(selstr.ToString());
126                 selstr.Clear();
127                 for (int j = 0; j < taskDataTable.Rows.Count; j++)
128                 {
129                     index++;
130                     sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(index, index, 0, 2));
131                     sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(index, index, 3, 5));
132                     sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(index, index, 6, 9));
133                     row = sheet.CreateRow(index);
134                     cell = row.CreateCell(0);
135                     cell.SetCellValue(taskDataTable.Rows[j]["名称"].ToString());
136                     cell = row.CreateCell(3);
137                     cell.SetCellValue(taskDataTable.Rows[j]["方法"].ToString());
138                     cell = row.CreateCell(6);
139                     cell.SetCellValue(taskDataTable.Rows[j]["仪器型号"].ToString());
140                 }
141             }
142 
143             //转为字节数组  
144             MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();
145             workbook.Write(stream);
146             var buf = stream.ToArray();
147 
148             //保存为Excel文件  
149             using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(saveDialog.FileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
150             {
151                 fs.Write(buf, 0, buf.Length);
152                 fs.Flush();
153             }
154             fileSaved = true;
155         }
156         catch (Exception ex)
157         {
158             fileSaved = false;
159             MessageBox.Show("导出文件时出错,文件可能正被打开!\n" + ex.Message);
160         }
161     }
162     GC.Collect();//强行销毁
163 
164     if (fileSaved && File.Exists(saveFileName))
165     {
166         MessageBox.Show("导出成功!", "通知");
167         Process.Start(saveFileName);
168     }
169     else
170     {
171         MessageBox.Show("导出失败!", "通知");
172     }
173 }

 

三、NPOI读取Excel文件

  打开指定Excel文件并读取文件中的内容,加入到DataTable中,或是加入到其它的数据载体中。

 1 /// <summary>
 2 /// Excel导入成DataTble
 3 /// </summary>
 4 /// <param name="file">导入路径(包含文件名与扩展名)</param>
 5 /// <returns></returns>
 6 public static DataTable ExcelToTable(string file)
 7 {
 8     DataTable dt = new DataTable();
 9     IWorkbook workbook;
10     string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(file).ToLower();
11     using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
12     {
13         if (fileExt == ".xlsx") { workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fs); } else if (fileExt == ".xls") { workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fs); } else { workbook = null; }
14         if (workbook == null) { return null; }
15         ISheet sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);
16 
17         //表头  
18         IRow header = sheet.GetRow(sheet.FirstRowNum);
19         List<int> columns = new List<int>();
20         for (int i = 0; i < header.LastCellNum; i++)
21         {
22             object obj = GetValueType(header.GetCell(i));
23             if (obj == null || obj.ToString() == string.Empty)
24             {
25                 dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Columns" + i.ToString()));
26             }
27             else
28                 dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn(obj.ToString()));
29             columns.Add(i);
30         }
31         //数据  
32         for (int i = sheet.FirstRowNum + 1; i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++)
33         {
34             DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
35             bool hasValue = false;
36             foreach (int j in columns)
37             {
38                 dr[j] = GetValueType(sheet.GetRow(i).GetCell(j));
39                 if (dr[j] != null && dr[j].ToString() != string.Empty)
40                 {
41                     hasValue = true;
42                 }
43             }
44             if (hasValue)
45             {
46                 dt.Rows.Add(dr);
47             }
48         }
49     }
50     return dt;
51 }

 

四、对单元格数据类型的操作

  获取目标单元格的数据类型及数据值。

 1 /// <summary>
 2 /// 获取单元格类型
 3 /// </summary>
 4 /// <param name="cell">目标单元格</param>
 5 /// <returns></returns>
 6 private static object GetValueType(ICell cell)
 7 {
 8     if (cell == null)
 9         return null;
10     switch (cell.CellType)
11     {
12         case CellType.Blank: 
13             return null;
14         case CellType.Boolean:  
15             return cell.BooleanCellValue;
16         case CellType.Numeric:  
17             return cell.NumericCellValue;
18         case CellType.String:  
19             return cell.StringCellValue;
20         case CellType.Error:  
21             return cell.ErrorCellValue;
22         case CellType.Formula: 
23         default:
24             return "=" + cell.CellFormula;
25     }
26 }

  将数据设置到目标单元格中,并设置为指定数据格式。

 1 /// <summary>
 2 /// 设置单元格数据类型
 3 /// </summary>
 4 /// <param name="cell">目标单元格</param>
 5 /// <param name="obj">数据值</param>
 6 /// <returns></returns>
 7 public static void SetCellValue(ICell cell, object obj)
 8 {
 9     if (obj.GetType() == typeof(int))
10     {
11         cell.SetCellValue((int)obj);
12     }
13     else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(double))
14     {
15         cell.SetCellValue((double)obj);
16     }
17     else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(IRichTextString))
18     {
19         cell.SetCellValue((IRichTextString)obj);
20     }
21     else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(string))
22     {
23         cell.SetCellValue(obj.ToString());
24     }
25     else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(DateTime))
26     {
27         cell.SetCellValue((DateTime)obj);
28     }
29     else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(bool))
30     {
31         cell.SetCellValue((bool)obj);
32     }
33     else
34     {
35         cell.SetCellValue(obj.ToString());
36     }
37 }

  本文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/CKExp/p/9626022.html

 

2018-09-11,望技术有成后能回来看见自己的脚步

 

C#利用NPOI操作Excel文件

标签:单位   eric   ase   font   time   blank   保存   ==   代码   

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/CKExp/p/9626022.html

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