码迷,mamicode.com
首页 > Web开发 > 详细

高性能NIO通信框架之Netty入门(一)

时间:2019-06-18 21:31:51      阅读:205      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

标签:nio   over   pie   可靠   企业应用   软件   xtend   处理   bootstra   


一、不选择Java原生NIO编程的原因
(1)NIO的类库和API复杂,使用麻烦,你需要熟练掌握Selector、ServerSocketChannel、SocketChannel、ByteBuffer等
(2)需要具备其他的额外技能做铺垫,例如熟悉Java多线程编程。这是因为NIO编程涉及到Reactor模式,你必须对多线程和网络编程非常熟悉,才能编写出高质量NIO程序。
(3)可靠性能力补齐,工作量和难度都非常大。例如客户端面临断链重连、网络闪断、半包读写、失败缓存、网络拥塞和异常码流的处理等问题,NIO编程的特点是功能开发相对容易,但是可靠性能力补齐的工作量和难度非常大。
(4)JDK NIO的BUG,例如臭名昭著的epoll bug,它会导致Selector空轮询,最终导致CPU 100%。官方声称在JDK 1.6 版本的update 18修复了该问题,但是直到JDK 1.7版本该问题仍旧存在,只不过该BUG发生概率降低了一些而已,它并没有得到根本性解决。

二、Netty 优点
(1)API使用简单,开发门槛低
(2)功能强大,预置了多种编解码功能,支持多种主流协议
(3)定制能力强,可以通过ChannelHandler 对通信框架进行灵活地扩展
(4)性能高,通过与其他业界主流的NIO框架对比,Netty的综合性能最优
(5)成熟、稳定,Netty修复了已经发现的所有JDK NIO BUG,业务开发人员不需要再为NIO的BUG而烦恼
(6)社区活跃,版本迭代周期短,发现的BUG可以被及时修复,同时,更多的新功能会加入
(7)经历了大规模的商业应用考验,质量得到验证。Netty 在互联网、大数据、网络游戏、企业应用、电信软件的 众多行业已经得到了成功商业,证明它已经完全能够满足不同行业的商业应用了

三、Netty服务端Demo

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

/**
 * Netty 时间服务器服务端TimeServer
 */
public class TimeServer {
    public void bind(int port) {
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024).childHandler(new ChildChannelHandler());
            //绑定端口,同步等待成功
            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync();
            //等待服务端监听端口关闭
            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            //优雅退出,释放线程池资源
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }

    private class ChildChannelHandler extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {

        @Override
        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
            socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new TimeServerHandler());
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int port = 8080;
        new TimeServer().bind(port);
    }

}



import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;

import java.util.Date;


public class TimeServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter{

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
        byte[] req = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
        buf.readBytes(req);
        String body = new String(req,"UTF-8");
        System.out.println("The time server receive order : "+body);
        String currentTime = "QUERY TIME ORDER".equalsIgnoreCase(body)?new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()).toString():"BAD ORDER";
        ByteBuf resp = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(currentTime.getBytes());
        ctx.write(resp);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        ctx.flush();
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        ctx.close();
    }
}

四、Netty的客户端Demo

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;

/**
 * Created by ThinkPad on 2019/6/17.
 */
public class TimeClient {
    public void connect(int port,String host) {
        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
            b.group(group).channel(NioSocketChannel.class).option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY,true).handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                @Override
                protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
                    socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new TimeClientHandler());
                }
            });
            //发起异步连接操作
            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host,port).sync();
            //等待客户端连接操作
            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            //优雅退出,释放NIO线程组
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int port = 8080;
        new TimeClient().connect(port,"127.0.0.1");
    }
}





import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;

/**
 * Created by ThinkPad on 2019/6/17.
 */
public class TimeClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter{
    private final ByteBuf firstMessage;

    public TimeClientHandler() {
        byte[] req = "QUERY TIME ORDER".getBytes();
        firstMessage = Unpooled.buffer(req.length);
        firstMessage.writeBytes(req);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        ctx.writeAndFlush(firstMessage);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf)msg;
        byte[] req = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
        buf.readBytes(req);
        String body = new String(req,"UTF-8");
        System.out.println("Now is : "+body);
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        ctx.close();
    }
}

 

五、测试运行结果

先运行Netty 服务端,然后在运行Netty 客户端

运行结果如下:

技术图片

 

技术图片

 

高性能NIO通信框架之Netty入门(一)

标签:nio   over   pie   可靠   企业应用   软件   xtend   处理   bootstra   

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lovegrace/p/11047777.html

(0)
(0)
   
举报
评论 一句话评论(0
登录后才能评论!
© 2014 mamicode.com 版权所有  联系我们:gaon5@hotmail.com
迷上了代码!