多线程爬取糗事百科热门段子 (改写前天的博客)

 1 import requests
 2 import json
 3 import threading
 4 from queue import Queue
 5 from lxml import etree
 6 
 7 
 8 class QiubaSpider(object):
 9     """爬取糗事百科的热门下的数据"""
10 
11     def __init__(self):
12         self.url_temp = ‘https://www.qiushibaike.com/text/page/{}/‘
13         self.headers = {
14             ‘User-Agent‘: ‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.100 Safari/537.36‘,
15         }
16         self.url_queue = Queue()  # 存放url的队列
17         self.html_queue = Queue()  # 存放响应的队列
18         self.content_queue = Queue()  # 存放content_list的对列
19 
20     def get_url_list(self):  # 构造url_list
21         # return [self.url_temp.format(i) for i in range(1, 14)]
22         for i in range(1, 14):
23             self.url_queue.put(self.url_temp.format(i))  # 每一个构造出的url放入队列
24 
25     def pass_url(self):  # 发送请求
26         while True:
27             url = self.url_queue.get()  # 从队列里面取出一个url
28             print(url)
29             response = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers)
30             # return response.content.decode()
31             self.html_queue.put(response.content.decode())  # 将返回的结果放入队列
32             self.url_queue.task_done()  # 使计数减一
33             print(1)
34 
35     def get_content_list(self):  # 提取数据
36         while True:
37             html_str = self.html_queue.get()  # 从队列中取出
38             html = etree.HTML(html_str)
39             div_list = html.xpath(‘//div[@id="content-left"]/div‘)  # 分组
40             content_list = []
41             for div in div_list:
42                 item = {}
43                 # 底下全是利用xpath和一些函数对数据的处理
44                 item[‘content‘] = div.xpath(‘.//div[@class="content"]/span/text()‘)
45                 item[‘content‘] = [i.replace(‘\n‘, ‘‘) for i in item[‘content‘]]
46                 item[‘author_gender‘] = div.xpath(‘.//div[contains(@class, "articleGend")]/@class‘)
47                 item[‘author_gender‘] = item[‘author_gender‘][0].split(‘ ‘)[-1].replace(‘Icon‘, ‘‘) if len(
48                     item[‘author_gender‘]) > 0 else None
49                 item[‘author_age‘] = div.xpath(‘.//div[contains(@class, "articleGend")]/text()‘)
50                 item[‘author_age‘] = item[‘author_age‘][0] if len(item[‘author_age‘]) > 0 else None
51                 item[‘author_img‘] = div.xpath(‘.//div[@class="author clearfix"]//img/@src‘)
52                 item[‘author_img‘] = ‘https‘ + item[‘author_img‘][0] if len(item[‘author_img‘]) > 0 else None
53                 item[‘stats_vote‘] = div.xpath(‘.//span[@class="stats-vote"]/i/text()‘)
54                 item[‘stats_vote‘] = item[‘stats_vote‘][0] if len(item[‘stats_vote‘]) > 0 else None
55                 content_list.append(item)
56             # return content_list
57             self.content_queue.put(content_list)
58             self.html_queue.task_done()  # 计数减一
59             print(2)
60 
61     def save_content_list(self):  # 保存
62         while True:
63             content_list = self.content_queue.get()  # 获取
64             with open(‘qiuba.txt‘, ‘a‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘) as f:
65                 f.write(json.dumps(content_list, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4))
66                 f.write(‘\n‘)  # 换行
67             self.content_queue.task_done()  # 计数减一
68             print(3)
69 
70 
71     def run(self):  # 实现主要逻辑
72         """ 每一件事开启一个线程，现在都是从队列里面获取，不用传参"""
73         thread_list = []  # 用来存取线程,因为四个线程一个个启动太麻烦
74         # 1.构造url_list,热门的一共13页
75         t_url = threading.Thread(target=self.get_url_list)
76         thread_list.append(t_url)
77         # 2.遍历发送请求，获取响应
78         for i in range(5):  # 为发送请求这里开启5个线程，直接循环即可
79             t_pass = threading.Thread(target=self.pass_url)
80             thread_list.append(t_pass)
81         # 3.提取数据
82         for i in range(3):  # 为提取数据这里开启3个线程
83             t_html = threading.Thread(target=self.get_content_list)
84             thread_list.append(t_html)
85         # 4.保存数据
86         t_save = threading.Thread(target=self.save_content_list)
87         thread_list.append(t_save)
88         for t in thread_list:
89             t.setDaemon(True)  # 把子线程设置为守护线程，该线程不重要；主线程结束，子线程结束
90             t.start()
91         for q in [self.url_queue, self.html_queue, self.content_queue]:
92             q.join()  # 让主线程等待阻塞，等待队列的任务完成之后再完成
93         print(‘主线程结束！‘)
94 
95 
96 if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
97     qiubai = QiubaSpider()
98     qiubai.run()