centos7 环境mysql5.7.28二级制部署安装

下载安装包：
wget  https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

（1）首先卸载mariadb，不然后面会和安装mysql需要的库冲突：

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 
 或者 yum -y remove  mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64

（2）用root用户登录系统，增加mysql用户和组，数据库安装在此用户下：  
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql 
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql 
（3）准备数据目录 以/app/data为例,建议使用逻辑卷 
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /app/data 
[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql.mysql /app/data/ 
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 750 /app/data 
（4）准备二进制文件： 
[root@localhost ~]# tar xvf mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ 
root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local [root@localhost local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
 ‘mysql‘ -> ‘mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64‘

[root@localhost mysql]#  cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]#  bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/app/data
2021-04-14T07:09:51.566086Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2021-04-14T07:09:51.699185Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2021-04-14T07:09:51.741437Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2021-04-14T07:09:51.748439Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 6818fcf9-9cf0-11eb-b6f3-000c296ec98e.
2021-04-14T07:09:51.749109Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table ‘mysql.gtid_executed‘ cannot be opened.
2021-04-14T07:09:52.942597Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2021-04-14T07:09:53.148191Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ws+G)Y/#x4tr
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
2021-04-14 00:10:16 [ERROR]   Failed to access directory pointed by --datadir. Please make sure that directory exists and is accessible by mysql_ssl_rsa_setup. Supplied value : /usr/local/mysql/data
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/app/data


添加配置文件：
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
# GENERAL
datadir=/app/data
socket=/app/data/mysql.sock
user=mysql
default-storage-engine=InnoDB

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/app/data/mysql-error.log
pid-file=/app/data/mysqld.pid

[client]
  cket=/app/data/mysql.sock

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/app/data
命令后面不加参数报错，加了--datadir后不报错

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
[1] 71484
[root@localhost mysql]# Logging to ‘/app/data/mysql-error.log‘.
2021-04-14T07:11:09.377168Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /app/data

[root@localhost mysql]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root      71484  70385  0 00:11 pts/2    00:00:00 /bin/sh bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql
mysql     71629  71484  2 00:11 pts/2    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/app/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/app/data/mysql-error.log --pid-file=/app/data/mysqld.pid --socket=/app/data/mysql.sock
root      71658  70385  0 00:11 pts/2    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server 
[root@localhost mysql]#  chkconfig --add mysql.server

[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.28

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql>  ALTER USER ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘root‘; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -proot
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.28 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create user ‘root‘@‘%‘ identified with mysql_native_password by ‘root‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to ‘root‘@‘%‘ with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>  flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit