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在实际的开发过程中，可能会需要在一台服务器上部署多个MYSQL实例，那建议使用MYSQL官方的解决方案 mysqld_multi
1.修改my.cnf
如一个定义两个实例的参考配置：
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
user = your_user
password = your_password
[mysqld1]
datadir = /data/db/my1
#连接
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock
#binlog
log-bin=/data/db/mylog1/mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
binlog_cache_size = 32M
expire_logs_days = 30
[mysqld2]
datadir = /data/db/my2
#连接
port = 3307
socket = /tmp/mysql3307.sock
#binlog
log-bin=/data/db/mylog2/mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
binlog_cache_size = 32M
expire_logs_days = 3
2.创建数据目录
mkdir -p /data/db/my21
mkdir -p /data/db/my2
chown mysql.mysql /data/db/my1 -R
chown mysql.mysql /data/db/my2 -R
3.初始化DB
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/db/my1/ -uroot (mysql_install_db也是MYSQL官方自带工具)
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/db/my2/ -uroot
chown mysql.mysql /data/db/my1/ -R
chown mysql.mysql /data/db/my2/ -R
4. 安装工具
cp /usr/local/mysql/bin/my_print_defaults /usr/bin/
cp /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi /usr/bin/
5.创建、授权用户
CREATE USER "your_user"@"192.168.45.127%" IDENTIFIED BY ‘your_password‘;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO "your_user"@"192.168.1.%";
flush privileges;
至此，mysql多实例配置已经完毕。我们看到多个不同的MYSQL实例是共用my.cnf的。多实例命令行管理：
1.mysql启动
mysqld_multi start 1 启动实例1
mysqld_multi start 1-2 启动实例1,2
2.mysql重启
mysqld_multi restart 1 重启实例1
mysqld_multi restart 1-2 重启实例1,2
3.mysql关闭
mysqld_multi stop 1 关闭实例1
mysqld_multi stop 1-2 关闭实例1,2
4.命令行登陆实例2
mysql -u your_user -p your_password -P3307 -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/chrisDuan/p/4601716.html
