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StrictMode使用详解

2015-03-10      0 个评论    来源：eclipse_xu  

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StrictMode

StrictMode最常用来捕捉应用程序的主线程，它将报告与线程及虚拟机相关的策略违例。一旦检测到策略违例（policy violation），你将获得警告，其包含了一个栈trace显示你的应用在何处发生违例。除了主线程，我们还可以在Handler，AsyncTask，AsyncQueryHandler，IntentService等API中使用StrictMode。

检查策略

StrictMode的线程策略主要用于检测磁盘IO和网络访问，而虚拟机策略主要用于检测内存泄漏现象。Android已经在磁盘IO访问和网络访问的代码中已经加入了StrictMode。当监视的线程发生策略的违例时，就可以获得警告，例如写入LogCat，显示一个对话框，闪下屏幕，写入DropBox日志文件，或让应用崩溃。最通常的做法是写入LogCat或让应用崩溃。下面的代码展示了如何使用StrictMode的检查策略：

 

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public void onCreate() {      if (DEVELOPER_MODE) {          StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder()                  .detectDiskReads()                  .detectDiskWrites()                  .penaltyDialog()                  .detectNetwork()   // or .detectAll() for all detectable problems                  .penaltyLog()                  .build());          StrictMode.setVmPolicy(new StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder()                  .detectLeakedSqlLiteObjects()                  .detectLeakedClosableObjects()                  .penaltyLog()                  .penaltyDeath()                  .build());      }      super.onCreate();  }

 

使用方法

如果不指定检测函数，也可以用detectAll()来替代。penaltyLog()表示将警告输出到LogCat，你也可以使用其他或增加新的惩罚（penalty）函数，例如使用penaltyDeath()的话，一旦StrictMode消息被写到LogCat后应用就会崩溃。 

在正式版本中，我们并不希望使用StrictMode来让用户的应用因为一个警告而崩溃，所以在应用正式发布时，需要移出这些监视。你可以通过删除代码来实现，不过这里提供一个更好的方式来解决这个问题，即使用AndroidMainifest文件中的debuggable属性来实现，代码如下所示：

 

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1	android:debuggable=true

 

在代码中，使用方法如下所示：

 

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// Return if this application is not in debug mode ApplicationInfo appInfo = context.getApplicationInfo(); int appFlags = appInfo.flags; if ((appFlags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_DEBUGGABLE) != 0) {     // Do StrictMode setup here     StrictMode.setVmPolicy(new StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder()         .detectLeakedSqlLiteObjects()         .penaltyLog()         .penaltyDeath()         .build()); }

StrictMode实例

 

我们在测试代码的主线程中去访问网络，这样就一定会触发StrictMode的线程监测，代码如下所示：

 

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public class MainActivity extends Activity {       private HttpResponse httpResponse = null;     private HttpEntity httpEntity = null;     private TextView mTextView;       @Override     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {         StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder()                 .detectDiskReads()                 .detectDiskWrites()                 .detectNetwork()                 .penaltyDialog()                 .penaltyLog()                 .build());         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);         mTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);         HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(http://www.baidu.com);         HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();         InputStream inputStream = null;         try {             httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);             httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();             if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {                 inputStream = httpEntity.getContent();                 BufferedReader reader =                       new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));                 mTextView.setText(reader.readLine());             }         } catch (Exception e) {             e.printStackTrace();         } finally {             try {                 inputStream.close();             } catch (IOException e) {                 e.printStackTrace();             }         }     } }

 

运行代码，并将Log信息保存到本地，在Log中，我们可以搜索D/StrictMode(15454): StrictMode policy violation关键字。这里截取一段，如下所示：

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D/StrictMode(15454): StrictMode policy violation; ~duration=461 ms:  android.os.StrictMode$StrictModeNetworkViolation: policy=55 violation=4 D/StrictMode(15454):    at android.os.StrictMode$AndroidBlockGuardPolicy.onNetwork(StrictMode.java:1153) D/StrictMode(15454):    at libcore.io.BlockGuardOs.recvfrom(BlockGuardOs.java:249) D/StrictMode(15454):    at libcore.io.IoBridge.recvfrom(IoBridge.java:553) D/StrictMode(15454):    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.read(PlainSocketImpl.java:485) D/StrictMode(15454):    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.access$000(PlainSocketImpl.java:37) D/StrictMode(15454):    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl$PlainSocketInputStream.read(PlainSocketImpl.java:237) D/StrictMode(15454):    at org.apache.http.impl.io.AbstractSessionInputBuffer.fillBuffer(AbstractSessionInputBuffer.java:103) D/StrictMode(15454):    at org.apache.http.impl.io.AbstractSessionInputBuffer.read(AbstractSessionInputBuffer.java:134) D/StrictMode(15454):    at org.apache.http.impl.io.ChunkedInputStream.read(ChunkedInputStream.java:161) D/StrictMode(15454):    at org.apache.http.impl.io.ChunkedInputStream.read(ChunkedInputStream.java:175) D/StrictMode(15454):    at org.apache.http.impl.io.ChunkedInputStream.exhaustInputStream(ChunkedInputStream.java:289) D/StrictMode(15454):    at org.apache.http.impl.io.ChunkedInputStream.close(ChunkedInputStream.java:262) D/StrictMode(15454):    at org.apache.http.conn.BasicManagedEntity.streamClosed(BasicManagedEntity.java:179) D/StrictMode(15454):    at org.apache.http.conn.EofSensorInputStream.checkClose(EofSensorInputStream.java:266) D/StrictMode(15454):    at org.apache.http.conn.EofSensorInputStream.close(EofSensorInputStream.java:213) D/StrictMode(15454):    at com.imooc.strictmodetest.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:53) D/StrictMode(15454):    at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5976) D/StrictMode(15454):    at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1105) D/StrictMode(15454):    at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2262) D/StrictMode(15454):    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2371) D/StrictMode(15454):    at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:149) D/StrictMode(15454):    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1289) D/StrictMode(15454):    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) D/StrictMode(15454):    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135) D/StrictMode(15454):    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5260) D/StrictMode(15454):    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) D/StrictMode(15454):    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372) D/StrictMode(15454):    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:898) D/StrictMode(15454):    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:693)

Log中可以显示出StrictMode提示的原因，通过这里的TraceLog我们就可以来找到优化的方法。除了在Logcat中查看StrictMode的日志信息，如果你使用了penaltyDropbox()方法，那么你还可以通过如下所示的命令来调用DropBoxManager观察StrictMode日志：

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1	adb shell dumpsys dropbox data_app_strictmode --print

输出日志文件如下所示：

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======================================== 2015-03-09 17:47:14 data_app_strictmode (text, 2177 bytes) Process: com.imooc.strictmodetest Flags: 0x88be46 Package: com.imooc.strictmodetest v1 (1.0) Build: TCL/idol347/idol347:5.0.2/LRX22G/1040:userdebug/release-keys System-App: false Uptime-Millis: 389545133 Loop-Violation-Number: 4 Duration-Millis: 520 android.os.StrictMode$StrictModeNetworkViolation: policy=183 violation=4     at android.os.StrictMode$AndroidBlockGuardPolicy.onNetwork(StrictMode.java:1153)     at java.net.InetAddress.lookupHostByName(InetAddress.java:418)     at java.net.InetAddress.getAllByNameImpl(InetAddress.java:252)     at java.net.InetAddress.getAllByName(InetAddress.java:215)     at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultClientConnectionOperator.openConnection(DefaultClientConnectionOperator.java:137)     at org.apache.http.impl.conn.AbstractPoolEntry.open(AbstractPoolEntry.java:164)     at org.apache.http.impl.conn.AbstractPooledConnAdapter.open(AbstractPooledConnAdapter.java:119)     at org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultRequestDirector.execute(DefaultRequestDirector.java:360)     at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:555)     at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:487)     at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:465)     at com.imooc.strictmodetest.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:43)     at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5976)     at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1105)     at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2262)     at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2371)     at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:149)     at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1289)     at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)     at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)     at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5260)     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)     at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:898)     at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:693)

同时，如果使用了penaltyDialog()方法，在应用中还会弹出 提示框：

 

 

暂停监测

如果在程序运行中无法避免的会违反StrictMode中的一些定义好的策略，而我们又希望能够暂时忽略这些策略的监视，我们可以使用permitXXXXX方法来暂停这些内容的监测，在做完需要忽略的监测之后，再起用监测，代码如下所示：

 

 

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StrictMode.ThreadPolicy old = StrictMode.getThreadPolicy(); StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder(old)         .permitDiskWrites()         .build()); //doSomethingWriteToDisk(); StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(old);

 

 

 

 

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StrictMode使用详解

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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/pengmn/p/4813169.html