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LeetCode 232:Implement Queue using Stacks

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Implement the following operations of a queue using stacks.

  • push(x) -- Push element x to the back of queue.
  • pop() -- Removes the element from in front of queue.
  • peek() -- Get the front element.
  • empty() -- Return whether the queue is empty.
Notes:
  • You must use only standard operations of a stack -- which means only push to top, peek/pop from top, size, and is empty operations are valid.
  • Depending on your language, stack may not be supported natively. You may simulate a stack by using a list or deque (double-ended queue), as long as you use only standard operations of a stack.
  • You may assume that all operations are valid (for example, no pop or peek operations will be called on an empty queue).

//题目描述:
//使用栈实现队列的下列操作:
//push(x) --将元素x加至队列尾部
//pop( ) --从队列头部移除元素
//peek( ) --获取队头元素
//empty( ) --返回队列是否为空
//注意:你只可以使用栈的标准操作,这意味着只有push to top(压栈), peek / pop from top(取栈顶 / 弹栈顶),
//以及empty(判断是否为空)是允许的,取决于你的语言,stack可能没有被内建支持。你可以使用list(列表)或者deque(双端队列)来模拟,
//确保只使用栈的标准操作即可,你可以假设所有的操作都是有效的(例如,不会对一个空的队列执行pop或者peek操作)

//解题方法:用两个栈就可以模拟一个队列,基本思路是两次后进先出 = 先进先出,
//元素入队列总是入in栈,元素出队列如果out栈不为空直接弹出out栈头元素;
//如果out栈为空就把in栈元素出栈全部压入out栈,再弹出out栈头,这样就模拟出了一个队列。
//核心就是保证每个元素出栈时都经过了in,out两个栈,这样就实现了两次后进先出=先进先出。
class Queue {
public:
	stack<int> in;
	stack<int> out;
	void move(){   //将in栈内的所有元素移动到out栈
		while (!in.empty()){
			int x = in.top();
			in.pop();
			out.push(x);
		}
	}

	// Push element x to the back of queue.
	void push(int x) {
		in.push(x);
	}

	// Removes the element from in front of queue.
	void pop(void) {
		if (out.empty()){
			move();
		}
			if (!out.empty()){
				out.pop();
			}
		}

	// Get the front element.
	int peek(void) {
		if (out.empty()){
			move();
		}
		if (!out.empty()){
			return out.top();
		}
	}

	// Return whether the queue is empty.
	bool empty(void) {
		return in.empty() && out.empty();
	}
};

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LeetCode 232:Implement Queue using Stacks

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原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/geekmanong/article/details/50285451

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