环境：
CentOS-6.5-i386-minimal
httpd-2.2.27.tar.gz
mysql-5.5.38-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz
php-5.5.14.tar.gz
编译安装的原则：对于我们来说，需要定制的就直接编译，其余的一切皆yum / apt-get搞定
1、关闭iptables和SELinux
[root@localhost ~]# service iptables stop [root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
2、安装开发工具包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install wget gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake make perl bison openssl openssl-devel gcc* libxml2 libxml2-devel curl-devel libjpeg* libpng* freetype* # 或者更简单粗暴的，我喜欢这种方式 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Development Tools" openssl openssl-devel
一、编译httpd-2.2.27
注意，httpd-2.4.x需要较新版本的apr和apr-util，因此需要事先对其进行升级。建议使用源码编译安装，因为系统自带apr，但是版本较低，但不能卸载，存在依赖关系。所以我们把新版本的apr与老版本的apr不安装在同一个地方即可。
官方文档这样说到：
apr and apr-util are bundled with the Apache HTTPd source releases, and will be used without any problems in almost all circumstances. However, if apr orapr-util, versions 1.0 or 1.1, are installed on your system, you must either upgrade your apr/apr-util installations to 1.2, force the use of the bundled libraries or have httpd use separate builds. To use the bundled apr/apr-util sources specify the --with-included-apr option to configure:
# Build and install apr 1.2 cd srclib/apr ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-httpd/ make make install # Build and install apr-util 1.2 cd ../apr-util ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util-httpd/ --with-apr=/usr/local/apr-httpd/ make make install # Configure httpd cd ../../ ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr-httpd/ --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util-httpd/
1、编译httpd
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf httpd-2.2.27.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src [root@localhost src]# cd httpd-2.2.27/ [root@localhost httpd-2.2.27]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-modules=most --enable-mods-shared=most --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-apr=/usr/local/apr-httpd --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util-httpd [root@localhost httpd-2.2.27]# make && make install 选项解释： --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd # 指定配置文件安装位置 --enable-so # 支持动态共享模块如果没有这个模块PHP将无法与apache结合工作 --enable-ssl # 启用支持ssl --enable-cgi # 支持cgi --enable-rewrite # 支持URL重写 --with-zlib # 压缩库，在互联网上传播时可节约带宽 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr-httpd # 指定apr路径 --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util-httpd # 指定apr-util路径 --enable-mpms-shared=all # 支持多道处理模块
2、启动httpd服务
编译完成后，在/etc/init.d/目录下是没有httpd这个服务启动脚本的。那么有两种方式
通过 bin\apachectl 启动
提供一个httpd启动脚本
来看看第一种方式：
# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl {start|stop|restart}
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server‘s fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain for ServerName
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep httpd
root 29954 1 0 09:29 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon 29955 29954 0 09:29 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon 29956 29954 0 09:29 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon 29957 29954 0 09:29 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon 29958 29954 0 09:29 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon 29959 29954 0 09:29 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
# OK, 我们看到服务已经启动为了方便管理， 我们进行一些额外的配置
3、更改pid的位置
我们看到httpd是以daemon用户身份运行的，按照惯例我们使用apache用户。编译安装httpd.pid默认存放在/usr/local/apache/logs目录下，这不符合我们的习惯。
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -r apache [root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g apache -s /sbin/nologin apache # 编辑httpd.conf配置文件 [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/httpd/httpd.conf Pidfile "/var/run/httpd.pid" User apache Group apache # 重启httpd服务 [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
但是， 使用apachectl不方便， 而且提示非常不友好，所以我们还是提供httpd服务启动脚本：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/init.d/httpd
#!/bin/bash
#
# httpd Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Apache is a World Wide Web server. It is used to serve \
# HTML files and CGI.
# processname: httpd
# config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd
# pidfile: /var/run/httpd.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/httpd
fi
# Start httpd in the C locale by default.
HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}
# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if
# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.
INITLOG_ARGS=""
# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server
# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not
# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.
# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.
apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}
RETVAL=0
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} -d 10 $httpd
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then
RETVAL=$?
echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"
else
killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP
RETVAL=$?
fi
echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
status)
status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
RETVAL=$?
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
condrestart)
if [ -f ${pidfile} ] ; then
stop
start
fi
;;
reload)
reload
;;
graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
$apachectl $@
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL测试一下我们的启动脚本：
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/httpd [root@localhost ~]# service httpd status httpd (pid 30050) is running... [root@localhost ~]# service httpd restart Stopping httpd: [ OK ] Starting httpd: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server‘s fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain for ServerName [ OK ]
把httpd添加到服务列表，使其能开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --add httpd [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig httpd on
4、把httpd的bin目录添加到PATH
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache/bin [root@localhost ~]# . /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh # OK # 测试httpd.conf配置文件语法 [root@localhost ~]# httpd -t [root@localhost ~]# httpd -l [root@localhost ~]# httpd -M
二、安装mysql
我是下载的通用二进制包：mysql-5.5.38-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz
1、添加mysql用户和组
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -r mysql [root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql
2、数据目录规划
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -pv /mydata/data mkdir: created directory `/mydata‘ mkdir: created directory `/mydata/data‘ [root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mydata/data
3、解压
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.5.38-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local [root@localhost local]# ln -sv src/mysql-5.5.38-linux2.6-i686 mysql `mysql‘ -> `src/mysql-5.5.38-linux2.6-i686‘
4、初始化数据库
[root@localhost mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mydata/data --user=mysql [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R root:root /usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.38-linux2.6-i686/
5、提供配置文件和启动脚本
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld [root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on [root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf ## 编辑配置文件my.cnf # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients [client] #password = your_password port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock character-set-server = utf8 # Here follows entries for some specific programs # The MySQL server [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock pid-file = /mydata/data/mysqld.pid character-set-server = utf8 collation-server = utf8_unicode_ci basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /mydata/data user = mysql skip-name-resolve
6、启动mysql
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start Starting MySQL... SUCCESS! [root@localhost ~]# netstat -tulpn | grep 3306 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 30997/mysqld # 添加到PATH [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin [root@localhost ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh ### 进行安全性设置 [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
7、其他设置
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/man.config MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man [root@localhost ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql `/usr/include/mysql‘ -> `/usr/local/mysql/include/‘ [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf /usr/local/mysql/lib [root@localhost ~]# ldconfig
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原文地址：http://skypegnu1.blog.51cto.com/8991766/1529778
