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我们在源代码中可以找到LauncherApplication, 它继承了Application类,当整个Launcher启动时,它就是整个程序的入口。我们先来看它们在AndroidManifest.xml中是怎么配置的。
1 <application 2 android:name="com.android.launcher2.LauncherApplication" 3 android:label="@string/application_name" 4 android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher_home" 5 android:hardwareAccelerated="@bool/config_hardwareAccelerated" 6 android:largeHeap="@bool/config_largeHeap">
首先通过android:name指定了整个Launcher的Application也就是入口是在 com.android.launcher2.LauncherApplication这个路径下,android:lable指定了桌面的名字是叫Launcher,如果要改名字就改values文件夹的string.xml中的相应属性就可以了。android:icon指定了Laucher的图标,这个图标可以在应用程序管理器中看见,如下图所示,是个可爱机器人住在一个小房子里面,如果需要更改Laucher的图片,重新设置这个属性就可以了。
android:hardwareAccelerated="@bool/config_hardwareAccelerated" 指定了整个应用程序是启用硬件加速的,这样整个应用程序的运行速度会更快。
android:largeHeap="@bool/config_largeHeap" 指定了应用程序使用了大的堆内存,能在一定程度上避免,对内存out of memory错误的出现。我们可以在values文件夹的config.xml中看到对是否启用硬件加速和大内存的配置。如下所示:
1 <bool name="config_hardwareAccelerated">true</bool> 2 <bool name="config_largeHeap">false</bool>
在Application中onCreate()方法通过:sIsScreenLarge = screenSize == Configuration.SCREENLAYOUT_SIZE_LARGE || screenSize == Configuration.SCREENLAYOUT_SIZE_XLARGE; 和sScreenDensity = getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;来判断是否是大屏幕,同时得到它的屏幕密度。同时通过 mIconCache = new IconCache(this); 来设置了应用程序的图标的cache,然后申明了LauncherModel,mModel = new LauncherModel(this, mIconCache);
LauncherModel主要用于加载桌面的图标、插件和文件夹,同时LauncherModel是一个广播接收器,在程序包发生改变、区域、或者配置文件发生改变时,都会发送广播给LauncherModel,LauncherModel会根据不同的广播来做相应加载操作,此部分会在后面做详细介绍。
在LauncherApplication完成初始化工作之后,我们就来到了Launcher.java的onCreate()方法,同样是启动桌面时的一系列初始化工作。
首先需要注意的是在加载launcher布局文件时的一个TraceView的调试方法,它能够对在他们之间的方法进行图形化的性能分析,并且能够具体到method 代码如下:
1 if (PROFILE_STARTUP) { 2 android.os.Debug.startMethodTracing( 3 Environment.getDataDirectory() + "/data/com.android.launcher/launcher"); 4 } 5 if (PROFILE_STARTUP) { 6 android.os.Debug.stopMethodTracing(); 7 }
我指定的生成性能分析的路径是:/data/data/com.android.launcher/launcher,启动launcher后我们会发现在指定的目录下生成了launcher.trace文件,如下图所示:
把launcher.trace文件通过DDMS pull到电脑上,在SDK的tools目录里,执行traceview工具来打开launcher.trace .如下图所示:
可以看到setContentView使用了448.623ms,占整个跟踪代码时间的62%,所以说在加载布局文件时,肯定经过了一系列的加载运算,我们接着分析。
当加载launcher布局文件的过程时,最为关键的是对整个workspace的加载,workspace是一个自定义组件,它的继承关系如下所示,可以看到Workspace实际上也是一个ViewGroup,可以加入其他控件。
当ViewGroup组件进行加载的时候首先会读取本控件对应的XML文件,然后Framework层会执行它的onMeasure()方法,根据它所包 含的子控件大小来计算出整个控件要在屏幕上占的大小。Workspace重写了ViewGroup的onMeasure方法(在PagedView中), 在workspace中是对5个子CellLayout进行测量的方法如下, 具体含义请看注释:
1 @Override 2 protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { 3 if (!mIsDataReady) { 4 super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); 5 return; 6 } 7 //得到宽度的模式(在配置文件中对应的是match_parent 或者 wrap_content)和其大小 8 final int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec); 9 final int widthSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec); 10 //宽度必须是match_parent,否则会抛出异常。 11 if (widthMode != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) { 12 throw new IllegalStateException("Workspace can only be used in EXACTLY mode."); 13 } 14 15 /* Allow the height to be set as WRAP_CONTENT. This allows the particular case 16 * of the All apps view on XLarge displays to not take up more space then it needs. Width 17 * is still not allowed to be set as WRAP_CONTENT since many parts of the code expect 18 * each page to have the same width. 19 */ 20 //高度允许是wrap_content,因为在大屏幕的情况下,会占了多余的位置 21 final int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec); 22 int heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec); 23 int maxChildHeight = 0; 24 //得到在竖值方向上和水平方向上的Padding 25 final int verticalPadding = mPaddingTop + mPaddingBottom; 26 final int horizontalPadding = mPaddingLeft + mPaddingRight; 27 28 29 // The children are given the same width and height as the workspace 30 // unless they were set to WRAP_CONTENT 31 if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "PagedView.onMeasure(): " + widthSize + ", " + heightSize + " mPaddingTop="+mPaddingTop + " mPaddingBottom="+mPaddingBottom); 32 final int childCount = getChildCount(); 33 //对workspace的子View进行遍历,从而对它的几个子view进行测量。 34 for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) { 35 // disallowing padding in paged view (just pass 0) 36 final View child = getPageAt(i); 37 final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams(); 38 39 int childWidthMode; 40 if (lp.width == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) { 41 childWidthMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST; 42 } else { 43 childWidthMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY; 44 } 45 46 int childHeightMode; 47 if (lp.height == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) { 48 childHeightMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST; 49 } else { 50 childHeightMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY; 51 } 52 53 final int childWidthMeasureSpec = 54 MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(widthSize - horizontalPadding, childWidthMode); 55 final int childHeightMeasureSpec = 56 MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(heightSize - verticalPadding, childHeightMode); 57 //对子View的大小进行设置,传入width和height参数 58 child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec); 59 maxChildHeight = Math.max(maxChildHeight, child.getMeasuredHeight()); 60 if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "\tmeasure-child" + i + ": " + child.getMeasuredWidth() + ", " 61 + child.getMeasuredHeight()); 62 } 63 64 if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) { 65 heightSize = maxChildHeight + verticalPadding; 66 } 67 //存储测量后的宽度和高度 68 setMeasuredDimension(widthSize, heightSize); 69 70 // We can‘t call getChildOffset/getRelativeChildOffset until we set the measured dimensions. 71 // We also wait until we set the measured dimensions before flushing the cache as well, to 72 // ensure that the cache is filled with good values. 73 invalidateCachedOffsets(); 74 updateScrollingIndicatorPosition(); 75 76 if (childCount > 0) { 77 mMaxScrollX = getChildOffset(childCount - 1) - getRelativeChildOffset(childCount - 1); 78 } else { 79 mMaxScrollX = 0; 80 } 81 }
测量完毕之后就可以对子控件进行布局了,这时候Framework层会调用PagedView中重写的onLayout方法。
1 @Override 2 protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) { 3 if (!mIsDataReady) { 4 return; 5 } 6 7 if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "PagedView.onLayout()"); 8 //竖值方向的Padding 9 final int verticalPadding = mPaddingTop + mPaddingBottom; 10 final int childCount = getChildCount(); 11 int childLeft = 0; 12 if (childCount > 0) { 13 if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "getRelativeChildOffset(): " + getMeasuredWidth() + ", " 14 + getChildWidth(0)); 15 childLeft = getRelativeChildOffset(0); 16 //偏移量为0 17 if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "childLeft:"+childLeft); 18 19 // Calculate the variable page spacing if necessary 20 // 如果mPageSpacing小于0的话,就重新计算mPageSpacing,并且给它赋值。 21 if (mPageSpacing < 0) { 22 setPageSpacing(((right - left) - getChildAt(0).getMeasuredWidth()) / 2); 23 } 24 } 25 26 for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) { 27 final View child = getPageAt(i); 28 if (child.getVisibility() != View.GONE) { 29 final int childWidth = getScaledMeasuredWidth(child); 30 final int childchildHeight = child.getMeasuredHeight(); 31 int childTop = mPaddingTop; 32 if (mCenterPagesVertically) { 33 childTop += ((getMeasuredHeight() - verticalPadding) - childHeight) / 2; 34 } 35 36 if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "\tlayout-child" + i + ": " + childLeft + ", " + childTop); 37 //把5个CellLayout布局到相应的位置,layout的4个参数分别是 左、上、右、下。 38 child.layout(childLeft, childTop, 39 childLeft + child.getMeasuredWidth(), childTop + childHeight); 40 childLeft += childWidth + mPageSpacing; 41 } 42 } 43 //第一次布局完毕之后,就根据当前页偏移量(当前页距离Workspace最左边的距离)滚动到默认的页面去,第一次布局时 44 //默认的当前页是3,则它的便宜量就是两个CellLayout的宽度。 45 if (mFirstLayout && mCurrentPage >= 0 && mCurrentPage < getChildCount()) { 46 setHorizontalScrollBarEnabled(false); 47 int newX = getChildOffset(mCurrentPage) - getRelativeChildOffset(mCurrentPage); 48 //滚动到指定的位置 49 scrollTo(newX, 0); 50 mScroller.setFinalX(newX); 51 if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "newX is "+newX); 52 setHorizontalScrollBarEnabled(true); 53 mFirstLayout = false; 54 } 55 56 if (mFirstLayout && mCurrentPage >= 0 && mCurrentPage < getChildCount()) { 57 mFirstLayout = false; 58 } 59 }
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Android4.0 Launcher 源码分析2——Launcher入口及Launcher.xml的加载
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/nathan909/p/5478242.html