Just a Hook

In the game of DotA, Pudge’s meat hook is actually the most horrible thing for most of the heroes. The hook is made up of several consecutive metallic sticks which are of the same length.



Now Pudge wants to do some operations on the hook.

Let us number the consecutive metallic sticks of the hook from 1 to N. For each operation, Pudge can change the consecutive metallic sticks, numbered from X to Y, into cupreous sticks, silver sticks or golden sticks.
The total value of the hook is calculated as the sum of values of N metallic sticks. More precisely, the value for each kind of stick is calculated as follows:

For each cupreous stick, the value is 1.
For each silver stick, the value is 2.
For each golden stick, the value is 3.

Pudge wants to know the total value of the hook after performing the operations.
You may consider the original hook is made up of cupreous sticks.

1
10
2
1 5 2
5 9 3

Case 1: The total value of the hook is 24.

这题是线段树的成段更新，要用到lazy标记。也叫延迟标记。每次更新的时候不要更新究竟，仅仅是更新当前区段。然后标记下一层但不再更新。剩下的等下次查询时再更新。

//#define DEBUG
#include <stdio.h>
#define maxn 100002
#define lson l, mid, rt << 1
#define rson mid + 1, r, rt << 1 | 1

int tree[maxn << 2], lazy[maxn << 2];

void pushDown(int l, int r, int rt)
{	
	int mid = (l + r) >> 1;
	tree[rt << 1] = (mid - l + 1) * lazy[rt];
	tree[rt << 1 | 1] = (r - mid) * lazy[rt];
	
	lazy[rt << 1] = lazy[rt << 1 | 1] = lazy[rt];
	lazy[rt] = 0;
}

void build(int l, int r, int rt)
{
	lazy[rt] = 0;
	if(l == r){
		tree[rt] = 1; return;
	}
	
	int mid = (l + r) >> 1;
	build(lson);
	build(rson);
	
	tree[rt] = tree[rt << 1] + tree[rt << 1 | 1];
}

void update(int left, int right, int val, int l, int r, int rt)
{
	if(left == l && right == r){
		tree[rt] = val * (r - l + 1);
		lazy[rt] = val; return;
	} //include l == r
	
	if(lazy[rt]) pushDown(l, r, rt);
	
	int mid = (l + r) >> 1;
	if(right <= mid) update(left, right, val, lson);
	else if(left > mid) update(left, right, val, rson);
	else{
		update(left, mid, val, lson);
		update(mid + 1, right, val, rson);
	}
	
	tree[rt] = tree[rt << 1] + tree[rt << 1 | 1];
}

int main()
{
	#ifdef DEBUG
	freopen("../stdin.txt", "r", stdin);
	freopen("../stdout.txt", "w", stdout);
	#endif
	
	int t, n, q, cas, a, b, c;
	scanf("%d", &t);
	for(cas = 1; cas <= t; ++cas){
		scanf("%d%d", &n, &q);
		
		build(1, n, 1);
		
		while(q--){
			scanf("%d%d%d", &a, &b, &c);
			update(a, b, c, 1, n, 1);
		}
		
		printf("Case %d: The total value of the hook is %d.\n", cas, tree[1]);
	}
	return 0;
}