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ElasticStack系列之十三 & 联想补全策略

时间:2017-10-09 21:06:06      阅读:221      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

标签:ima   custom   分词器   join   结果   代码   入参   处理   lag   

业务需求

  1. 实现搜索引擎前缀搜索功能(中文,拼音前缀查询及简拼前缀查询功能)

  2. 实现摘要全文检索功能,及标题加权处理功能(按照标题权值高内容权值相对低的权值分配规则,按照索引的相关性进行排序,列出前20条相关性最高的文章)

前缀搜索

中文搜索:

  1. 搜索“刘”,匹配到“刘德华”、“刘斌”、“刘德志”

  2. 搜索“刘德”,匹配到“刘德华”、“刘德志”

  小结:搜索的文字需要匹配到集合中所有名字的子集。

全拼搜索:

  1. 搜索“li”,匹配到“刘德华”、“刘斌”、“刘德志”

  2. 搜索“liud”,匹配到“刘德华”、“刘德”

  3. 搜索“liudeh”,匹配到“刘德华”

  小结:搜索的文字转换成拼音后,需要匹配到集合中所有名字转成拼音后的子集

简拼搜索:

  1. 搜索“w”,匹配到“我是中国人”,“我爱我的祖国”

  2. 搜索“wszg”,匹配到“我是中国人”

  小结:搜索的文字取拼音首字母进行组合,需要匹配到组合字符串中前缀匹配的子集

解决方案

方案一:

  将 “like” 搜索的字段的 英简拼英全拼 分别用索引的三个字段来进行存储并且 不进行分词,最简单直接,检索索引数据的时候进行通配符查询(like查询),从这三个字段中分别进行搜索,查询匹配的记录然后返回。

  优势:存储格式简单,倒排索引存储的数据量最少。

  缺点:like 索引数据的时候开销比较大 prefix 查询比 term 查询开销大得多

方案二:

  将 中简拼中全拼 用一个字段衍生出三个字段(multi-field)来存储三种数据,并且分词器filter 采用 edge_ngram 类型对分词的数据进行分词处理存储到倒排索引中,当检索索引数据时,检索所有字段的数据。

  优势:格式紧凑,检索索引数据的时候采用 term 全匹配规则,也无需对入参进行分词,查询效率高。

  缺点:采用以空间换时间的策略,但是对索引来说可以接受。采用衍生字段来存储,增加了存储及检索的复杂度,对于三个字段搜索会将相关度相加,容易混淆查询相关度结果

方案三:

  将索引数据存储在一个不需分词的字段中(keyword), 生成倒排索引时进行三种类型倒排索引的生成,倒排索引生成的时候采用 edge_ngram 对倒排进一步拆分,以满足业务场景需求,检索时不对入参进行分词。

  优势:索引数据存储简单,检索索引数据的时只需对一个字段采用 term 全匹配查询规则,查询效率极高。

  缺点:采用以空间换时间的策略——比方案二要少,对索引数据来说可以接受。 

ES 针对这一业务场景解决方案还有很多种,先列出比较典型的这三种方案,选择方案三来进行处理。

准备工作

  • pinyin分词插件安装及参数解读
  • ElasticSearch edge_ngram 使用
  • ElasticSearch multi-field 使用
  • ElasticSearch 多种查询特性熟悉

代码

 myself_settings.json:

{
  "refresh_interval":"2s",
  "number_of_replicas":1,
  "number_of_shards":2,
  "analysis":{
    "filter":{
      "autocomplete_filter":{
        "type":"edge_ngram",
        "min_gram":1,
        "max_gram":15
      },
      "pinyin_first_letter_and_full_pinyin_filter" : {
        "type" : "pinyin",
        "keep_first_letter" : true,
        "keep_full_pinyin" : false,
        "keep_joined_full_pinyin": true,
        "keep_none_chinese" : false,
        "keep_original" : false,
        "limit_first_letter_length" : 16,
        "lowercase" : true,
        "trim_whitespace" : true,
        "keep_none_chinese_in_first_letter" : true
      },
      "full_pinyin_filter" : {
        "type" : "pinyin",
        "keep_first_letter" : true,
        "keep_full_pinyin" : false,
        "keep_joined_full_pinyin": true,
        "keep_none_chinese" : false,
        "keep_original" : true,
        "limit_first_letter_length" : 16,
        "lowercase" : true,
        "trim_whitespace" : true,
        "keep_none_chinese_in_first_letter" : true
      }
    },
    "analyzer":{
      "full_prefix_analyzer":{
        "type":"custom",
        "char_filter": [
          "html_strip"
        ],
        "tokenizer":"keyword",
        "filter":[
          "lowercase",
          "full_pinyin_filter",
          "autocomplete_filter"
        ]
      },
      "chinese_analyzer":{
        "type":"custom",
        "char_filter": [
          "html_strip"
        ],
        "tokenizer":"keyword",
        "filter":[
          "lowercase",
          "autocomplete_filter"
        ]
      },
      "pinyin_analyzer":{
        "type":"custom",
        "char_filter": [
          "html_strip"
        ],
        "tokenizer":"keyword",
        "filter":[
          "pinyin_first_letter_and_full_pinyin_filter",
          "autocomplete_filter"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

myself_mapping.json

{
  "test_type": {
    "properties": {
      "full_name": {
        "type":  "text",
        "analyzer": "full_prefix_analyzer"
      },
      "age": {
        "type":  "integer"
      }
    }
  }
}

 工程目录:

    技术分享

测试项目代码:

public class PrefixTest {

    @Test
    public void testCreateIndex() throws Exception{
        TransportClient client = ESConnect.getInstance().getTransportClient();
        //定义索引
        BaseIndex.createWithSetting(client,"baidu_index","esjson/baidu_settings.json");
        //定义类型及字段详细设计
        BaseIndex.createMapping(client,"baidu_index","baidu_type","esjson/baidu_mapping.json");
    }
    @Test
    public void testBulkInsert() throws Exception{
        TransportClient client = ESConnect.getInstance().getTransportClient();
        List<Object> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(new BulkInsert(12l,"我们都有一个家名字叫中国",12));
        list.add(new BulkInsert(13l,"兄弟姐妹都很多景色也不错 ",13));
        list.add(new BulkInsert(14l,"家里盘着两条龙是长江与黄河",14));
        list.add(new BulkInsert(15l,"还有珠穆朗玛峰儿是最高山坡",15));
        list.add(new BulkInsert(16l,"我们都有一个家名字叫中国",16));
        list.add(new BulkInsert(17l,"兄弟姐妹都很多景色也不错",17));
        list.add(new BulkInsert(18l,"看那一条长城万里在云中穿梭",18));
        boolean flag = BulkOperation.batchInsert(client,"baidu_index","baidu_type",list);
        System.out.println(flag);
    }
}

接下来查看下定义的分词器效果:

http://192.168.20.114:9200/baidu_index/_analyze?text=刘德华AT2016&analyzer=full_prefix_analyzer

得到的结果内容为:

{
    "tokens": [
        {
            "token": "刘",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "刘德",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "刘德华",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "刘德华a",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "刘德华at",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "刘德华at2",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "刘德华at20",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "刘德华at201",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "刘德华at2016",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "l",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "li",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "liu",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "liud",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "liude",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "liudeh",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "liudehu",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "liudehua",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "l",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "ld",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "ldh",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "ldha",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "ldhat",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "ldhat2",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "ldhat20",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "ldhat201",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "ldhat2016",
            "start_offset": 0,
            "end_offset": 9,
            "type": "word",
            "position": 0
        }
    ]
}

看到以上结果,则表明大功告成了!

 

ElasticStack系列之十三 & 联想补全策略

标签:ima   custom   分词器   join   结果   代码   入参   处理   lag   

原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/liang1101/p/7642603.html

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