1.Timeout设置超时
只能修改Socket设置全局Timeout
#! /usr/bin/env python3 import socket import urllib.request # timeout in seconds timeout = 2 socket.setdefaulttimeout(timeout) # this call to urllib.request.urlopen now uses the default timeout # we have set in the socket module req = urllib.request.Request(‘http://www.python.org/‘) a = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read() print(a)
2.获取HTTP响应码
#! /usr/bin/env python3 import urllib.request req = urllib.request.Request(‘http://python.org/‘) try: urllib.request.urlopen(req) except urllib.error.HTTPError as e: print(e.code) print(e.read().decode("utf8"))
3、异常处理1
1 #! /usr/bin/env python3
2
3 from urllib.request import Request, urlopen
4
5 from urllib.error import URLError, HTTPError
6
7 req = Request(‘http://www.python.org/‘)
8
9 try:
10
11 response = urlopen(req)
12
13 except HTTPError as e:
14
15 print(‘The (www.python.org)server couldn‘t fulfill the request.‘)
16
17 print(‘Error code: ‘, e.code)
18
19 except URLError as e:
20
21 print(‘We failed to reach a server.‘)
22
23 print(‘Reason: ‘, e.reason)
24
25 else:
26
27 print("good!")
28
29 print(response.read().decode("utf8"))
4、异常处理2
1 #! /usr/bin/env python3
2
3 from urllib.request import Request, urlopen
4
5 from urllib.error import URLError
6
7 req = Request("http://www.python.org/")
8
9 try:
10
11 response = urlopen(req)
12
13 except URLError as e:
14
15 if hasattr(e, ‘reason‘):
16
17 print(‘We failed to reach a server.‘)
18
19 print(‘Reason: ‘, e.reason)
20
21 elif hasattr(e, ‘code‘):
22
23 print(‘The server couldn‘t fulfill the request.‘)
24
25 print(‘Error code: ‘, e.code)
26
27 else: print("good!")
28
29 print(response.read().decode("utf8"))
5.重定向
import urllib.request
import socket
url = ‘https://www.baidu.com‘
response =urllib.request.urlopen(url)
isRediercted = response.geturl() == "https：//www.baidu.com"
6.代理设置
import urllib.request
proxy_support = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({‘sock5‘: ‘localhost:1080‘})
opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy_support)
urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
a = urllib.request.urlopen("http://www.python.org/").read().decode("utf8")
print(a)
