配置和安装 dashboard
官方文件目录：kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard
我们需要使用的yaml文件
$ ls *.yaml
dashboard-controller.yaml dashboard-service.yaml dashboard-rbac.yaml已经修改好的 yaml 文件见：dashboard
由于 kube-apiserver 启用了 RBAC 授权，而官方源码目录的 dashboard-controller.yaml 没有定义授权的 ServiceAccount，所以后续访问 kube-apiserver 的 API 时会被拒绝，web中提示：
Forbidden (403)
User "system:serviceaccount:kube-system:default" cannot list jobs.batch in the namespace "default". (get jobs.batch)增加了一个dashboard-rbac.yaml文件，定义一个名为 dashboard 的 ServiceAccount，然后将它和 Cluster Role view 绑定。
配置dashboard-service
# cat dashboard-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
spec:
type: NodePort
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 9090- 指定端口类型为 NodePort，这样外界可以通过地址 nodeIP:nodePort 访问 dashboard；
配置dashboard-controller
# cat dashboard-controller.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
annotations:
scheduler.alpha.kubernetes.io/critical-pod: ‘‘
spec:
serviceAccountName: dashboard
containers:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
image: index.tenxcloud.com/jimmy/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.6.0
resources:
limits:
cpu: 100m
memory: 50Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 50Mi
ports:
- containerPort: 9090
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /
port: 9090
initialDelaySeconds: 30
timeoutSeconds: 30
tolerations:
- key: "CriticalAddonsOnly"
operator: "Exists"dashboard-rbac文件如下
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: dashboard
namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: dashboard
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: dashboard
namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io执行所有yaml文件
# pwd
/root/yaml/dashboard
# ls *.yaml
dashboard-controller.yaml dashboard-service.yaml dashboard-rbac.yaml
# kubectl create -f .
deployment "kubernetes-dashboard" created
serviceaccount "dashboard" created
clusterrolebinding "dashboard" created
service "kubernetes-dashboard" created检查执行结果
查看分配的 NodePort
#kubectl get services kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes-dashboard 10.254.142.130 <nodes> 80:31761/TCP 1h- NodePort 31761映射到 dashboard pod 80端口；
检查 controller状态
#kubectl get deployment kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
kubernetes-dashboard 1 1 1 1 1h
# kubectl get pods -n kube-system | grep dashboard
kubernetes-dashboard-2888692679-bpz89 1/1 Running 0 1h访问dashboard
有以下三种方式：
- kubernetes-dashboard 服务暴露了 NodePort，可以使用
http://NodeIP:nodePort地址访问 dashboard； - 通过 kube-apiserver 访问 dashboard（https 6443端口和http 8080端口方式）；
- 通过 kubectl proxy 访问 dashboard：
通过 kubectl proxy 访问 dashboard
启动代理
$ kubectl proxy --address=‘192.168.1.121‘ --port=8086 --accept-hosts=‘^*$‘
Starting to serve on 192.168.1.121:8086- 需要指定
--accept-hosts选项，否则浏览器访问 dashboard 页面时提示 “Unauthorized”；
浏览器访问 URL：http://192.168.1.121:8086/ui
自动跳转到：http://192.168.1.121:8086/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard/#/workload?namespace=default
通过 kube-apiserver 访问dashboard
获取集群服务地址列表
$ kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://192.168.1.121:6443
KubeDNS is running at https://192.168.1.121:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns
kubernetes-dashboard is running at https://192.168.1.121:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard浏览器访问 URL：https://172.20.0.113:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard（浏览器会提示证书验证，因为通过加密通道，以改方式访问的话，需要提前导入证书到你的计算机中）。这是我当时在这遇到的坑：通过 kube-apiserver 访问dashboard，提示User "system:anonymous" cannot proxy services in the namespace "kube-system". #5，已经解决。
导入证书
将生成的admin.pem证书转换格式
openssl pkcs12 -export -in admin.pem -out admin.p12 -inkey admin-key.pem将生成的admin.p12证书导入的你的电脑，导出的时候记住你设置的密码，导入的时候还要用到。
如果你不想使用https的话，可以直接访问insecure port 8080端口:
http://192.168.1.121:8080/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard
- 选择其中一种方式访问即可
由于缺少 Heapster 插件，当前 dashboard 不能展示 Pod、Nodes 的 CPU、内存等 metric 图形，后续补上Heapster
