标签:web服务器 request blank server target
Tomcat运行方式
1.standalone configure:tomcat作为独立的web服务器和jsp服务器
request ----> web server(tomcat) ----> servlet container
2.进程间配置,在一台主机上,web由Apache或nginx提供,jsp服务有servlet提供
3.独立网络配置,把提供web服务的主机独立出来,一台主机提供web服务,一台主机提供jsp服务
web/Apache和后端的servlet通信有两种方式:
1.mod_jk :Apache/1.3, Apache/2.0;mod_jk常用的版本是jk,jk2.0反倒不建议使用,Apache 2.0以前不支持使用mod_proxy
2.mod_proxy :Apache/2.2+ , Apache 2.2以后要使用mod_jk需要编译安装
注:通信协议有 http(https)和ajp
mod_jk V.S. mod_proxy:
负载均衡 : mod_proxy稍弱一点
管理接口 : 都支持基于web页面的管理接口
兼容性:
配置 : mod_proxy较简单
协议:mod_jk (ajp)通常不使用http, mod_proxy(http/https/ajp)
web/nginx和后端的servlet通信只能使用http协议
LAMT:
apache(mod_jk, ajp) + tomcat(ajp )
apache(mod_proxy, (http, https, ajp)) + tomcat(http, https, ajp)
LNMT:
nginx + tomcat(http, https)
LNMT实现
安装nginx:
1: rpm -ivh nginx-1.4.7-1.e16.ngx.x86_64.rpm2: vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf3: location / {4: # root html;5: # index index.html index.htm;6: proxy_pass http://192.168.21.1; #只需加入这一句即可实现最简单的代理功能,不过我们这里不这样做7: }
配置nginx实现反向代理tomcat和动静分离
1: upstream tcser { #添加后端tomcat主机,这是定义在http段的2: server 192.168.21.1:8080;3: server 192.168.21.2:8080;4: }5: location / { 这是server段的6: root html;7: index index.jsp index.html index.htm; 增加一个index.jsp的默认主页8: }9: location ~* \.(jsp|do)$ { #所有jsp和do结尾的页面都代理至后端服务器器
10: proxy_pass http://tcser;11: }
Apache反代-->mod_proxy,将所有网页内同都代理至后端,http协议
1: vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_proxy.conf2: ProxyVia on
3: ProxyRequests off4: ProxyPreserveHost on
5:6: ProxyPass / http://192.168.21.1/7: ProxyPassReverse / http://192.168.21.1/8:9: <Location />10: Order Allow,Deny11: Allow from all12: </Location>
Apache反代-->mod_proxy,将所有网页内同都代理至后端,ajp协议
1: ProxyVia on
2: ProxyRequests off3: ProxyPreserveHost on
4:5: ProxyPass / ajp://192.168.21.1:8009/ #ajp监听的端口是80096: ProxyPassReverse ajp/ http://192.168.21.1:8009/7:8: <Location />9: Order Allow,Deny10: Allow from all11: </Location>
Apache反代实现负载均衡
前端Apache服务器:外网:172.16.21.1,内网:192.168.21.3
后端tomcat1:192.168.21.1,后端tomcat2:192.168.21.2
1: vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_proxy.conf2: ProxyVia on
3: ProxyRequests off4: ProxyPreserveHost on
5: <Proxy balancer://lb>6: BalancerMember http://192.168.21.2 loadfactor=17: BalancerMember http://192.168.21.1 loadfactor=18: </Proxy>9: ProxyPass / balancer://lb/10: ProxyPassReverse / balancer://lb/11: <Location />12: Order Allow,Deny13: Allow from all14: </Location>
Apache反代实现负载均衡以及session绑定
1: vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_proxy.conf2: ProxyVia on
3: ProxyRequests off4: ProxyPreserveHost on
5: <Proxy balancer://lb>6: BalancerMember http://192.168.21.2 loadfactor=1 route=TomcatB7: BalancerMember http://192.168.21.1 loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA8: </Proxy>9: ProxyPass / balancer://lb/ stickysession=JSESSIONID10: ProxyPassReverse / balancer://lb/11: <Location />12: Order Allow,Deny13: Allow from all14: </Location>15: --------后端服务器需添加----16: <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="TomcatA"> 注意与上面的IP地址对应即可17: <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="TomcatB">
Apache反代实现负载均衡以及session绑定添加管理器
1: vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_proxy.conf2: ProxyVia on
3: ProxyRequests off4: ProxyPreserveHost on
5: <Proxy balancer://lb>6: BalancerMember http://192.168.21.2 loadfactor=17: BalancerMember http://192.168.21.1 loadfactor=18: </Proxy>9: <Location /lbmanager> 定义管理web功能10: SetHandler balancer-manager11: </Location>12: Proxypass /lbmanager ! #这里表示/lbmanager不向后转发13: ProxyPass / balancer://lb/14: ProxyPassReverse / balancer://lb/15: <Location />16: Order Allow,Deny17: Allow from all18: </Location>
标签:web服务器 request blank server target
原文地址:http://lidefu.blog.51cto.com/3429777/1409472