CodeForces - 662A：Gambling Nim （求有多少个子集其异或为S）(占位)

标签：int   efi   pen   def   alternate   pos   oba   typedef   ons   

As you know, the game of "Nim" is played with n piles of stones, where the i-th pile initially contains a_i stones. Two players alternate the turns. During a turn a player picks any non-empty pile and removes any positive number of stones from it. The one who is not able to make a move loses the game.

Petya and Vasya are tired of playing Nim, so they invented their own version of the game and named it the "Gambling Nim". They have n two-sided cards, one side of the i-th card has number a_i written on it, while the other side has number b_i. At the beginning of the game the players put all the cards on the table, each card only one of its sides up, and this side is chosen independently and uniformly. Thus they obtain a sequence c₁, c₂, ..., c_n, where c_i is equal to a_i or b_i. Then they take n piles of stones, with i-th pile containing exactly c_i stones and play Nim. Petya takes the first turn.

Given that both players play optimally, find the probability of Petya‘s victory. Output the answer as an irreducible fraction.

Input

The first line of the input contains a single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 500 000) — the number of cards in the deck.

Each of the following n lines contains the description of one card, consisting of two integers a_i and b_i (0 ≤ a_i, b_i ≤ 10¹⁸).

Output

Output the answer as an irreducible fraction p / q. If the probability of Petya‘s victory is 0, print 0/1.

Examples

2
1 1
1 1

0/1

2
1 2
1 2

1/2

3
0 4
1 5
2 3

1/1

（占位，还是没有搞懂）

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int maxn = 500010;
ll a[maxn],b[maxn],c[65],cnt;
#define lowbit(x) (x&-x)
int main(){
    ll n,S=0;scanf("%I64d",&n);
    for(int i=1;i<=n;++i){
        scanf("%I64d%I64d",&a[i],&b[i]);
        S^=a[i];a[i]^=b[i];
    }
    for(int i=1;i<=n;++i){
        for(int j=1;j<=cnt;++j){
            if(a[i] & lowbit(c[j])) a[i] ^= c[j];
        }if(a[i] != 0) c[++cnt] = a[i];
    }
    for(int i=1;i<=cnt;++i){
        if(S & lowbit(c[i])) S ^= c[i];
    }
    if(S != 0) puts("1/1");
    else{
        ll x = 1LL<<cnt;
        printf("%I64d/%I64d\n",x-1,x);
    }
    getchar();getchar();
    return 0;
}

CodeForces - 662A：Gambling Nim （求有多少个子集其异或为S）(占位)

标签：int   efi   pen   def   alternate   pos   oba   typedef   ons   

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/hua-dong/p/9735733.html