下图为基于TCP客户/服务器程序的套接字函数及流程

服务端代码:server.c

//server.cpp
#include< iostream>
#include< winsock2.h>
#include< WS2tcpip.h>
using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
constexpr auto serverIP = "127.0.0.1";//服务器端的IP地址，这里设为本机回环地址;
constexpr auto serverPort = 6789;//服务器端进程的端口号，值大于1023即可;
int main() {
    //第一步：WinSock初始化
    WORD wVersion = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
    WSADATA wsaData;
    //WSAStartup，Windows Sockets Asynchronous，Windows异步套接字的启动命令。
    if (WSAStartup(wVersion, &wsaData)) {
        cout << "WSAStartup......\n";
        return 0;
    }
    //创建socket
    SOCKET sockServer;
    sockServer = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    //服务器地址
    SOCKADDR_IN serverAddr, clientAddr;
    serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    in_addr dst;
    //点分十进制的IPv4地址转换为网络字节的IP（整型）
    int res = inet_pton(AF_INET, serverIP, (void*)&dst);
    //将serverIP地址转换为in_addr的结构体，并复制在dst中
    if (res == 1) {
        serverAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = dst.s_addr;
    }
    else {
        cout << "The address is error." << endl;
    }
    serverAddr.sin_port = htons(serverPort);//host to network short 
                                            //绑定
    bind(sockServer, (SOCKADDR*)&serverAddr, sizeof(SOCKADDR));
    //监听
    listen(sockServer, 10);//10（服务器最多可以处理的用户数）
                           //处理
    int acceptResult = sizeof(SOCKADDR);
    SOCKET sockAccept;
    cout << "The server is waiting for client's connection request..." << endl;
    sockAccept = accept(sockServer, (SOCKADDR*)&clientAddr, &acceptResult);
    if (sockAccept == INVALID_SOCKET) {
        cout << "The server failed to accept the client's connection request." << endl;
        return 0;
    }
    else {
        cout << "The server accepted the client' connection request." << endl;
    }
    //cout <<clientAddr.sin_addr .S_un.S_addr<< endl;
    //cout << clientAddr.sin_port;
    //传送、接收数据
    char sendbuffer[256] = { '\0' };
    char recivebuffer[256] = { '\0' };
    for (;;) {
        //接收数据
        recv(sockAccept, recivebuffer, 256, 0);
        if (strcmp(recivebuffer, "quit") == 0) {
            cout << "client quit." << endl;
            break;
        }
        else {
            cout << "Client says:>" << recivebuffer << endl;
            cout << "Server says:>";
            cin >> sendbuffer;
            send(sockAccept, sendbuffer, strlen(sendbuffer) + 1, 0);
        }
    }
    closesocket(sockServer);
    WSACleanup();
    return 0;
}

客户端代码：client.c

#include< iostream>
#include< winsock2.h>
#include< ws2tcpip.h>
using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
constexpr auto serverIP = "127.0.0.1";//服务器端的IP地址;
constexpr auto serverPort = 6789;//服务器端进程的端口号;
int main() {
    //WinSock初始化
    WORD wVersion = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
    WSADATA wsaData;
    //WSAStartup，Windows Sockets Asynchronous，Windows异步套接字的启动命令。
    if (WSAStartup(wVersion, &wsaData)) {
        cout << "WSAStartup......" << endl;
        return 0;
    }
    //创建套接字
    SOCKET sockClient;
    sockClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);//1.address family,地址族协议，IPv4
                                                 //2.流式套接字
                                                 //3.已使用TCP，默认0
                                                 //服务器地址
    SOCKADDR_IN  serverAddr;
    serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    in_addr dst;
    //点分十进制的IPv4地址转换为网络字节的IP（整型）
    int IPResult = inet_pton(AF_INET, serverIP, &dst);

    //将serverIP地址转换为in_addr的结构体，并复制在dst中
    if (IPResult == 1) {
        serverAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = dst.s_addr;
    }
    else {
        cout << "The IP is error." << endl;
    }
    serverAddr.sin_port = htons(serverPort);
    //请求连接
    int connectResult = connect(sockClient, (SOCKADDR*)&serverAddr, sizeof(SOCKADDR));
    if (connectResult != 0) {
        cout << "The client's connection request failed." << endl;
    }
    else {
        cout << "The client's connection request is accepted." << endl;
    }
    //发送及接收数据
    char sendbuffer[256] = { '\0' };
    char receivebuffer[256] = { '\0' };
    for (;;) {
        //发送数据
        cout << "The client says:>";
        cin >> sendbuffer;
        if (strcmp(sendbuffer, "quit") == 0) {
            break;
        }
        else {
            send(sockClient, sendbuffer, strlen(sendbuffer) + 1, 0);
        }
        //接收数据
        recv(sockClient, receivebuffer, 256, 0);
        cout << "The server says:>" << receivebuffer << endl;
    }
    closesocket(sockClient);//关闭套接字
    WSACleanup();//注销及释放分配资源
    return 0;
}

运行截图

一个简单的hello/hi的网络聊天程序

标签：astar   系统   执行   数据包   prot   cal   art   tcpip   const   

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/kttme/p/12024890.html