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| Name | Description | 
|---|---|
| arch | 架构相关 | 
| block | 块设备管理 | 
| crypto | 加密算法 | 
| drivers | 驱动 | 
| firmware | 固件 | 
| fs | 文件系统 | 
| include | 头文件 | 
| init | 初始化 | 
| ipc | 进程间通讯 | 
| kernel | 内核 | 
| lib | 相关库 | 
| net | 网络 | 
| mm | 内存管理 | 
| scripts | 脚本 | 
| security | 安全 | 
| sound | 音频处理 | 
| tools | 常用工具 | 
| usr | 与linux内核启动相关 | 
| virt | 内核虚拟机 | 
??配置分为三步进行

??根据特定架构利用arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig在根目录中创建.config。
"make defconfig"   
	Create a ./.config file by using the default symbol values from either arch/$ARCH/defconfig or arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig, depending on the architecture.??.config文件是编译的关键。
"make menuconfig"  
	Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.??几乎所有文件夹下都有Kconfig这个文件。那么这个文件究竟用来做什么呢?
??这与menuconfig有关。scripts\kconfig\lxdialog目录下的一些c文件就是用来提供menuconfig的那些程序源代码。而menuconfig中的配置项全部来自于每个目录下的Kconfig。
menuconfig NETDEVICES
	default y if UML
	depends on NET
	bool "Network device support"
	---help---
	  You can say N here if you don‘t intend to connect your Linux box to
	  any other computer at all.
	  You‘ll have to say Y if your computer contains a network card that
	  you want to use under Linux. If you are going to run SLIP or PPP over
	  telephone line or null modem cable you need say Y here. Connecting
	  two machines with parallel ports using PLIP needs this, as well as
	  AX.25/KISS for sending Internet traffic over amateur radio links.
	  See also "The Linux Network Administrator‘s Guide" by Olaf Kirch and
	  Terry Dawson. Available at <http://www.tldp.org/guides.html>.
	  If unsure, say Y.
# All the following symbols are dependent on NETDEVICES - do not repeat
# that for each of the symbols.
if NETDEVICES
config IFB
	tristate "Intermediate Functional Block support"
	depends on NET_CLS_ACT
	---help---
	  This is an intermediate driver that allows sharing of
	  resources.
	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
	  will be called ifb.  If you want to use more than one ifb
	  device at a time, you need to compile this driver as a module.
	  Instead of ‘ifb‘, the devices will then be called ‘ifb0‘,
	  ‘ifb1‘ etc.
	  Look at the iproute2 documentation directory for usage etc??menuconfig表示当前显示的目录层级,属于bool中的字符串。

??config表示当前目录下的可配置项。
??tristate表示三态,bool表示两态。
??depends表示依赖关系
??menuconfig中的菜单项来自于Kconfig中的配置。经过menuconfig后,被修改的选项会保存到.config中,最终导致Makefile的编译变化。
kernel文件结构,makefile与kconfig机制分析
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原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/0nism/p/12380608.html