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30、网络编程（InetAddress、UDP通信、TCP通信、上传文件并反馈、多线程实现上传音频文件）

时间：2020-06-13 17:18:25      阅读：45      评论：0      收藏：0      [点我收藏+]

标签：服务端   date   com   xxx   rgs   条件   down   writer   imp   

目录

网络编程

IP地址

Java中封装IP地址的类：InetAddress。

package org.westos.demo;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 9:23
 */
public class MyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException {
        InetAddress inetAddress = InetAddress.getByName("LAPTOP-SFH5B12N");
        System.out.println(inetAddress);
        //LAPTOP-SFH5B12N/192.168.137.1
        System.out.println(inetAddress.getHostAddress());
        //192.168.137.1
        System.out.println(inetAddress.getHostName());
        //LAPTOP-SFH5B12N

        InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("192.168.137.1");
        System.out.println(address);
        ///192.168.137.1
        System.out.println(address.getHostAddress());
        //192.168.137.1
        System.out.println(address.getHostName());
        //LAPTOP-SFH5B12N.mshome.net

        System.out.println(InetAddress.getLocalHost());
        //LAPTOP-SFH5B12N/192.168.137.1
    }
}

UDP通信

Socket = IP + 端口号。

UDP协议的特点：通信两端不需要建立连接，发送的数据大小有限制，因为不需要建立连接，效率高一些，但是属于不可靠协议，有可能会发生数据丢失问题

通信两端都要有Socket，针对不同协议，Java为我们封装了不同的Socket。

UDP：DatagramSocket 和 DatagramPacket。

基本的UDP通信代码

Client：发送数据方

package org.westos.demo2;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 9:39
 */
public class UDPClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //1、创建UDP的Socket
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
        //2、封装数据
        String data = "起床了";
        System.out.println(data.getBytes().length);
        //9
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data.getBytes(), data.getBytes().length, InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 8888);
        socket.send(packet);
        //3、释放资源
        socket.close();
    }
}

Server：接收数据方

package org.westos.demo2;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.util.Arrays;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 9:49
 */
public class UDPServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(8888);
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(bytes, bytes.length);
        socket.receive(packet);
        //等待接收数据，是一个阻塞方法
        byte[] data = packet.getData();
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(data));
        //[-24, -75, -73, -27, -70, -118, -28, -70, -122, 0, ...]
        int length = packet.getLength();
        System.out.println(length);
        //9
        String hostAddress = packet.getAddress().getHostAddress();
        int port = packet.getPort();
        String s = new String(data, 0, length);
        System.out.println(hostAddress + "从" + port + "端口" + "给你发来消息：" + s);
        //192.168.137.1从49832端口给你发来消息：起床了
        socket.close();
    }
}

UDP的聊天案例

A电脑

package org.westos.demo3;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 11:11
 */
public class AComputer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws SocketException {
        //开启子线程接收B发来的消息
        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                DatagramSocket datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket(9999);
                byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
                DatagramPacket datagramPacket = new DatagramPacket(bytes, bytes.length);
                while (true) {
                    //接收消息的动作是需要循环的
                    datagramSocket.receive(datagramPacket);
                    byte[] data = datagramPacket.getData();
                    int length = datagramPacket.getLength();
                    String hostAddress = datagramPacket.getAddress().getHostAddress();
                    int port = datagramPacket.getPort();
                    String msg = new String(data, 0, length);
                    System.out.println("收到" + hostAddress + ":" + port + "发送的消息:" + msg);
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }).start();

        //主线程给B电脑发送消息
        DatagramSocket datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket();
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        while (true) {
            try {
                byte[] bytes = sc.next().getBytes();
                DatagramPacket datagramPacket = new DatagramPacket(bytes, bytes.length, InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 7777);
                datagramSocket.send(datagramPacket);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

B电脑

package org.westos.demo3;


import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 11:12
 */
public class BComputer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws SocketException {
        //开启子线程接收A电脑发送的数据
        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                DatagramSocket datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket(7777);
                byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
                DatagramPacket datagramPacket = new DatagramPacket(bytes, bytes.length);
                while (true) {
                    //接收消息的动作是需要循环的
                    datagramSocket.receive(datagramPacket);
                    byte[] data = datagramPacket.getData();
                    int length = datagramPacket.getLength();
                    String hostAddress = datagramPacket.getAddress().getHostAddress();
                    int port = datagramPacket.getPort();
                    String msg = new String(data, 0, length);
                    System.out.println("收到" + hostAddress + ":" + port + "发送的消息:" + msg);
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }).start();

        //主线程给A发送消息
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        while (true) {
            try {
                byte[] bytes = sc.next().getBytes();
                DatagramPacket datagramPacket = new DatagramPacket(bytes, bytes.length, InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 9999);
                socket.send(datagramPacket);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

测试：

B电脑

在吗？
收到192.168.137.1:64829发送的消息:在呢，怎么了
想问问你有没有时间出来玩？
收到192.168.137.1:64829发送的消息:有啊，和谁？去哪？
我和我哥，去xxx
收到192.168.137.1:64829发送的消息:可以啊
ok，那你准备一下
收到192.168.137.1:64829发送的消息:ok

A电脑

收到192.168.137.1:57291发送的消息:在吗？
在呢，怎么了
收到192.168.137.1:57291发送的消息:想问问你有没有时间出来玩？
有啊，和谁？去哪？
收到192.168.137.1:57291发送的消息:我和我哥，去xxx
可以啊
收到192.168.137.1:57291发送的消息:ok，那你准备一下
ok

都是UDP协议下的开放的端口。

TCP通信

基本案例

package org.westos.demo4;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 13:35
 */
public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //TCP:通信两端需要建立连接，属于可靠协议
        //TCP客户端：Socket
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 8888);
        //Socket(InetAddress address, int port)
        //获取通道中的流
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        byte[] bytes = "你好TCP,我来了".getBytes();
        outputStream.write(bytes);

        //接收服务端的反馈
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        byte[] bytes1 = new byte[1024];
        int read = inputStream.read(bytes1);
        String msg = new String(bytes1, 0, read);
        System.out.println("收到服务器的反馈:" + msg);
        //收到服务器的反馈:收到~

        socket.close();
    }
}

package org.westos.demo4;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 13:43
 */
public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //服务端的Socket：ServerSocket
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
        System.out.println("服务端已开启，等待客户端的连接...");
        //侦听客户端的连接
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        //阻塞式方法

        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        int read = inputStream.read(bytes);
        String hostAddress = socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
        int port = socket.getPort();
        String msg = new String(bytes, 0, read);
        System.out.println("收到" + hostAddress + ":" + port + "发来的数据:" + msg);
        //收到192.168.137.1:56934发来的数据:你好TCP,我来了

        //服务端给客户端一个反馈
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        outputStream.write("收到~".getBytes());

        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

键盘录入，服务器端输出

服务端

package org.westos.demo5;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 14:52
 */
public class TCPServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(7777);
        System.out.println("服务器端已开启，正在等待连接...");
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        String msg = null;
        while ((msg = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(msg);
        }
        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

客户端

package org.westos.demo5;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 14:49
 */
public class TCPClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 7777);
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请输入待传递的信息:");
            String msg = reader.readLine();
            if ("886".equals(msg)) {
                break;
            }
            writer.write(msg);
            writer.newLine();
            //一定要写入一个换行符，不然readLine()方法不起作用
            writer.flush();
        }
        socket.close();
    }
}

上传文件

客户端上传

package org.westos.demo5;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 14:59
 */
public class MyClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 9999);
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        //获取一个输出流
        BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
        //构造一个带缓冲区的字符输出流

        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(new File("src/org/westos/demo5/TCPClient.java")));
        //待上传文件
        String msg = null;
        while ((msg = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            writer.write(msg);
            writer.newLine();
            writer.flush();
        }
        socket.close();
    }
}

服务器端保存

package org.westos.demo5;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 14:59
 */
public class MyServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
        System.out.println("服务器端已开启，正在等待连接...");
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));

        BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(new File("src/org/westos/demo5/TCPClient.txt")));
        String msg = null;
        while ((msg = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            writer.write(msg);
            writer.newLine();
            writer.flush();
        }
        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

TCPClient.txt

package org.westos.demo5;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 14:49
 */
public class TCPClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 7777);
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请输入待传递的信息:");
            String msg = reader.readLine();
            if ("886".equals(msg)) {
                break;
            }
            writer.write(msg);
            writer.newLine();
            writer.flush();
        }
        socket.close();
    }
}

上传文件并给客户端一个反馈

package org.westos.demo5;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 14:59
 */
public class MyServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
        System.out.println("服务器端已开启，正在等待连接...");
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));

        BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(new File("src/org/westos/demo5/upload.txt")));
        String msg = null;
        while ((msg = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            /*if ("over".equals(msg)) {
                break;
            }*/
            writer.write(msg);
            writer.newLine();
            writer.flush();
        }

        /*
        如果上传成功，服务端给客户端一个反馈
        
        （客户端在等待服务端给他反馈，服务端在等待客户端啥时候可以传递完文件）
        
        客户端在读取文件时，可以以null为结尾结束while循环
        但是在通道中读取数据时，不可以以null为条件来结束循环，导致readLine()方法会一直被阻塞，这就需要客户端在传递信息时传递一个标记
         */

        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        outputStream.write("上传完毕".getBytes());

        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

package org.westos.demo5;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 14:59
 */
public class MyClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 9999);
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        //获取一个输出流
        BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
        //构造一个带缓冲区的字符输出流

        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(new File("src/org/westos/demo5/TCPClient.java")));
        //待上传文件
        String msg = null;
        while ((msg = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            writer.write(msg);
            writer.newLine();
            writer.flush();
        }

        /*
        接收服务端的反馈
        1、自定义结束标记
        2、调用Socket的方法
         */

        /*
        writer.write("over");
        writer.newLine();
        writer.flush();*/

        socket.shutdownOutput();

        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        int read = inputStream.read(bytes);
        String s = new String(bytes, 0, read);
        System.out.println(s);
        //上传完毕

        socket.close();
    }
}

侦听多个客户端

package org.westos.demo6;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 16:01
 */
public class TCPServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(5555);
        System.out.println("服务器已经开启，正在等待连接...");
        while (true) {
            Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
            new UploadFileThread(socket).start();
        }
    }
}

package org.westos.demo6;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 16:03
 */
public class UploadFileThread extends Thread {
    private Socket socket;

    public UploadFileThread(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));

            BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(new File(System.currentTimeMillis() + "-upload.txt")));
            String msg = null;
            while ((msg = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                writer.write(msg);
                writer.newLine();
                writer.flush();
            }

            OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
            outputStream.write("上传完毕".getBytes());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

每连接一个客户端，服务器端开启一个线程来处理，把socket传递给线程类。

上传图片、音频文件

package org.westos.demo;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 16:16
 */
public class TCPClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 8888);
        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\shawn\\Music\\戴爱玲 _ 刘伟德 - Gentleman.mp3")));
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024 * 8];
        int len = 0;

        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        while ((len = bis.read(bytes)) != -1) {
            outputStream.write(bytes, 0, len);
            outputStream.flush();
        }

        socket.shutdownOutput();

        //接收服务端反馈
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        int read = inputStream.read(bytes);
        System.out.println(new String(bytes, 0, read));
    }
}

package org.westos.demo;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 16:19
 */
public class TCPServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
        System.out.println("服务器已开启，正在等待连接...");
        while (true) {
            Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
            new Thread(new UploadThread(socket)).start();
        }
    }
}

package org.westos.demo;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @author lwj
 * @date 2020/6/13 16:20
 */
public class UploadThread implements Runnable {
    private Socket socket;

    public UploadThread(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
            byte[] bytes = new byte[1024 * 8];
            int len = 0;
            BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File(System.currentTimeMillis() + "-upload.mp3")));
            while ((len = inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1) {
                bos.write(bytes, 0, len);
                bos.flush();
            }
            OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
            outputStream.write("上传完毕".getBytes());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

30、网络编程（InetAddress、UDP通信、TCP通信、上传文件并反馈、多线程实现上传音频文件）

标签：服务端   date   com   xxx   rgs   条件   down   writer   imp   

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/shawnyue-08/p/13118164.html
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