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django 提供了一系列现成的类视图,他们都继承自一个 View 基类(django.views.generic.base.View)。在这个基类里实现了与 URLs 的接口(as_view)、请求方法匹配(dispatch)和一些其他的基本功能。比如 RedirectView 实现了一个简单的 HTTP 重定向,TemplateView 给 View 添加了一个渲染模板的功能。
简单用法:
from django.conf.urls import patterns
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
urlpatterns = patterns(‘‘,
(r‘^about/‘, TemplateView.as_view(template_name="about.html")),
)
子类化通用视图,
一个 AboutView,他覆盖了 TemplateView 的模板属性和获取 Context 方法(这是使用 TemplateView 的一般做法):
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
class AboutView(TemplateView):
template_name = "about.html"
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
#alter context
return context
ListView:
from django.views.generic import ListView
from books.models import Publisher
class PublisherList(ListView):
model = Publisher
它会自动去寻找publiser_list.html页面作为模板,并在里面渲染{{publisher_list}}作为变量.
对数据模型进行筛选:
from django.views.generic import ListView
from books.models import Book
class BookList(ListView):
queryset = Book.objects.order_by(‘-publication_date‘)
context_object_name = ‘book_list‘
如果要进行传参的话:
# urls.py
from django.conf.urls import patterns
from books.views import PublisherBookList
urlpatterns = patterns(‘‘,
(r‘^books/([\w-]+)/$‘, PublisherBookList.as_view()),
)
# views.py
from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404
from django.views.generic import ListView
from books.models import Book, Publisher
class PublisherBookList(ListView):
template_name = ‘books/books_by_publisher.html‘
def get_queryset(self):
self.publisher = get_object_or_404(Publisher, name=self.args[0])
return Book.objects.filter(publisher=self.publisher)
保存时候的小动作:
# models.py
from django.db import models
class Author(models.Model):
salutation = models.CharField(max_length=10)
name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
email = models.EmailField()
headshot = models.ImageField(upload_to=‘author_headshots‘)
last_accessed = models.DateTimeField()
#URLConf
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
from books.views import AuthorDetailView
urlpatterns = patterns(‘‘,
#...
url(r‘^authors/(?P<pk>\d+)/$‘, AuthorDetailView.as_view(), name=‘author-detail‘),
)
#View
from django.views.generic import DetailView
from django.utils import timezone
from books.models import Author
class AuthorDetailView(DetailView):
queryset = Author.objects.all()
def get_object(self):
# Call the superclass
object = super(AuthorDetailView, self).get_object()
# Record the last accessed date
object.last_accessed = timezone.now()
object.save()
# Return the object
return object
包含post,get方法:
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.views.generic import View
class MyView(View):
def get(self, request):
# <view logic>
return HttpResponse(‘result‘)
一个简单的contact form
# forms.py
from django import forms
class ContactForm(forms.Form):
name = forms.CharField()
message = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Textarea)
def send_email(self):
# 使用 self.cleaned_data 字典来发送一封邮件
pass
# views.py
from myapp.forms import ContactForm
from django.views.generic.edit import FormView
class ContactView(FormView):
template_name = ‘contact.html‘
form_class = ContactForm
success_url = ‘/thanks/‘
def form_valid(self, form):
# 当有效的数据被 POST 进来以后,本方法就会被调用
# 本方法应当返回一个 HttpResponse.
form.send_email()
return super(ContactView, self).form_valid(form)
转载自http://www.pythontip.com/blog/post/12172/
一个简单的view



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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/tuifeideyouran/p/4206132.html