iOS开发 - 封装文件上传工具类

文件上传的步骤

1.设置请求头
* 目的：告诉服务器请求体里面的内容并非普通的参数，而是包含了文件参数

[request setValue:@"multipart/form-data; boundary=maljob" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];

2.设置请求体
* 作用：存放参数（文件参数和非文件参数）
1> 非文件参数

[body appendData:MalJobEncode(@"--maljob\r\n")];
[body appendData:MalJobEncode(@"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"username\"\r\n")];

[body appendData:MalJobEncode(@"\r\n")];
[body appendData:MalJobEncode(@"张三")];
[body appendData:MalJobEncode(@"\r\n")];

2> 文件参数

[body appendData:MalJobEncode(@"--heima\r\n")];
[body appendData:MalJobEncode(@"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"test123.png\"\r\n")];
[body appendData:MalJobEncode(@"Content-Type: image/png\r\n")];

[body appendData:MalJobEncode(@"\r\n")];
[body appendData:imageData];
[body appendData:MalJobEncode(@"\r\n")];

3> 结束标记 ：参数结束的标记

[body appendData:MalJobEncode(@"--maljob--\r\n")];

文件的MIMEType

1.百度搜索

2.查找服务器下面的某个xml文件

apache-tomcat-6.0.41\conf\web.xml

3.加载文件时通过Reponse获得

- (NSString *)MIMEType:(NSURL *)url
{
    // 1.创建一个请求
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    // 2.发送请求（返回响应）
    NSURLResponse *response = nil;
    [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:&response error:nil];
    // 3.获得MIMEType
    return response.MIMEType;
}

文件上传封装工具类

@interface UploadTool : NSObject

/**
 *  根据文件路径获取文件的MIMEType
 *
 *  @param url 文件路径
 *
 *  @return 文件MIMEType
 */
- (NSString *)MIMEType:(NSURL *)url;


/**
 *  根据文件名、MIMEType、二进制文件、其他的参数上传文件
 *
 *  @param filename 文件名
 *  @param mimeType MIMEType
 *  @param fileData 二进制文件
 *  @param params   非文件的其他详细参数
 */
- (void)upload:(NSString *)filename mimeType:(NSString *)mimeType fileData:(NSData *)fileData params:(NSDictionary *)params;


@end

#define MJFileBoundary @"MalJob"
#define MJNewLine @"\r\n"
#define MJEncode(str) [str dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]

#import "UploadTool.h"


@implementation UploadTool


- (NSString *)MIMEType:(NSURL *)url
{
    // 1.创建一个请求
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];

    // 2.发送请求（返回响应）
    NSURLResponse *response = nil;
    [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:&response error:nil];

    // 3.获得MIMEType
    return response.MIMEType;
}



- (void)upload:(NSString *)filename mimeType:(NSString *)mimeType fileData:(NSData *)fileData params:(NSDictionary *)params
{
    // 1.请求路径
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://218.83.161.124:8080/job/upload"];

    // 2.创建一个POST请求
    NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    request.HTTPMethod = @"POST";

    // 3.设置请求体
    NSMutableData *body = [NSMutableData data];

    // 3.1.文件参数
    [body appendData:MJEncode(@"--")];
    [body appendData:MJEncode(MJFileBoundary)];
    [body appendData:MJEncode(MJNewLine)];

    NSString *disposition = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"%@\"", filename];
    [body appendData:MJEncode(disposition)];
    [body appendData:MJEncode(MJNewLine)];

    NSString *type = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Content-Type: %@", mimeType];
    [body appendData:MJEncode(type)];
    [body appendData:MJEncode(MJNewLine)];

    [body appendData:MJEncode(MJNewLine)];
    [body appendData:fileData];
    [body appendData:MJEncode(MJNewLine)];

    // 3.2.非文件参数
    [params enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock:^(id key, id obj, BOOL *stop) {
        [body appendData:MJEncode(@"--")];
        [body appendData:MJEncode(MJFileBoundary)];
        [body appendData:MJEncode(MJNewLine)];

        NSString *disposition = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"%@\"", key];
        [body appendData:MJEncode(disposition)];
        [body appendData:MJEncode(MJNewLine)];

        [body appendData:MJEncode(MJNewLine)];
        [body appendData:MJEncode([obj description])];
        [body appendData:MJEncode(MJNewLine)];
    }];

    // 3.3.结束标记
    [body appendData:MJEncode(@"--")];
    [body appendData:MJEncode(MJFileBoundary)];
    [body appendData:MJEncode(@"--")];
    [body appendData:MJEncode(MJNewLine)];

    request.HTTPBody = body;

    // 4.设置请求头(告诉服务器这次传给你的是文件数据，告诉服务器现在发送的是一个文件上传请求)
    NSString *contentType = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"multipart/form-data; boundary=%@", MJFileBoundary];
    [request setValue:contentType forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];

    // 5.发送请求
    [NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, NSData *data, NSError *connectionError) {
        NSDictionary *dict = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingMutableLeaves error:nil];
        MalJobLog(@"%@", dict);
    }];
}



- (void)upload
{
    // 非文件的其他详细参数
    NSDictionary *params = @{
                             @"" : @"",
                             @"" : @"",
                             };
    NSURL *url = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"filename" withExtension:@"txt"];
    NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:url];
    NSString *MIMEType = [self MIMEType:url];
    [self upload:@"filename.txt" mimeType:MIMEType fileData:data params:params];
}