ggplot2——坐标系篇

时间：2015-08-12 01:20:17 阅读：1506 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

library(ggplot2)
dt = data.frame(A = 1:10, B = c(2,15,6,18,9,7,13,15,10,3), C = c(‘A‘,‘C‘,‘A‘,‘B‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘B‘))
p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = A, y = B, color = C, group = factor(1))) + 
  geom_point(size = 3.8) +
  geom_line(size = 0.8) +
  geom_text(aes(label = B, vjust = 1.1, hjust = -0.5, angle = 45), show_guide = FALSE)   ## 添加点的数值
p

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修改坐标轴的显示范围：

library(ggplot2)
dt = data.frame(A = 1:10, B = c(2,15,6,18,9,7,13,15,10,3), C = c(‘A‘,‘C‘,‘A‘,‘B‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘B‘))
p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = A, y = B, color = C, group = factor(1))) + 
  geom_point(size = 3.8) +
  geom_line(size = 0.8) +
  geom_text(aes(label = B, vjust = 1.1, hjust = -0.5, angle = 45), show_guide = FALSE)

p + scale_x_continuous(limits = c(-5,15))   ## 方法一
p + xlim(-5,15)   ## 方法二

p + xlim(min(dt$A, 0)*1.2, max(dt$A)*1.2)   ## 一般使用倍数来限定大小，注意定义最小值的方式

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修改坐标轴的标签（内容、大小、字体、颜色、加粗、位置、角度）：

library(ggplot2)
windowsFonts(myFont = windowsFont("华文行楷"))   ##如果要更改字体，需要先“绑定”字体
dt = data.frame(A = 1:10, B = c(2,15,6,18,9,7,13,15,10,3), C = c(‘A‘,‘C‘,‘A‘,‘B‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘B‘))
p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = A, y = B, color = C, group = factor(1))) + 
  geom_point(size = 3.8) +
  geom_line(size = 0.8) +
  geom_text(aes(label = B, vjust = 1.1, hjust = -0.5, angle = 45), show_guide = FALSE)

p + xlab("这是 X 轴") + ylab("这是 Y 轴") + ggtitle("这是标题")   ## 修改文字方法一
p + labs(x = "这是 X 轴", y = "这是 Y 轴", title = "这是标题")   ## 修改文字方法二

#### 修改 X 轴标签的大小、字体、颜色、加粗、位置、角度 ####
p + xlab("这是 X 轴") + theme(axis.title.x = element_text(size = 15, family = "myFont", color = "green", face = "bold", vjust = 0.5, hjust = 0.5, angle = 45))

## face取值：plain普通，bold加粗，italic斜体，bold.italic斜体加粗

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修改坐标轴刻度的文字（大小、字体、颜色、加粗、位置、角度）：

library(ggplot2)
windowsFonts(myFont = windowsFont("华文行楷"))   ##如果要更改字体，需要先“绑定”字体
dt = data.frame(A = 1:10, B = c(2,15,6,18,9,7,13,15,10,3), C = c(‘A‘,‘C‘,‘A‘,‘B‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘B‘))
p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = A, y = B, color = C, group = factor(1))) + 
  geom_point(size = 3.8) +
  geom_line(size = 0.8) +
  geom_text(aes(label = B, vjust = 1.1, hjust = -0.5, angle = 45), show_guide = FALSE)

####修改 X 轴刻度文字的大小、字体、颜色、加粗、位置、角度：
p + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(size = 15, family = "myFont", color = "green", face = "bold", vjust = 0.5, hjust = 0.5, angle = 45))

## face取值：plain普通，bold加粗，italic斜体，bold.italic斜体加粗

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修改坐标轴刻度文字的内容：

library(ggplot2)
dt = data.frame(A = 1:10, B = c(2,15,6,18,9,7,13,15,10,3), C = c(‘A‘,‘C‘,‘A‘,‘B‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘B‘))
p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = A, y = B, color = C, group = factor(1))) + 
  geom_point(size = 3.8) +
  geom_line(size = 0.8) +
  geom_text(aes(label = B, vjust = 1.1, hjust = -0.5, angle = 45), show_guide = FALSE)
p + scale_x_continuous(breaks=dt$A, labels = dt$A*1000)   ## 只是把刻度上显示的文字改了而已

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修改坐标轴的刻度间隔：

library(ggplot2)
dt = data.frame(A = 1:10, B = c(2,15,6,18,9,7,13,15,10,3), C = c(‘A‘,‘C‘,‘A‘,‘B‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘B‘))
p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = A, y = B, color = C, group = factor(1))) + 
  geom_point(size = 3.8) +
  geom_line(size = 0.8) +
  geom_text(aes(label = B, vjust = 1.1, hjust = -0.5, angle = 45), show_guide = FALSE)
p + scale_x_continuous(breaks=seq(0, 10, 5))   ## X 轴每隔 5 个单位显示一个刻度