dsu+长链剖分

 1 #include <bits/stdc++.h>
 2 
 3 using namespace std;
 4 
 5 typedef long long ll;
 6 
 7 const int N = 1e5 + 5;
 8 
 9 int n, c[N];
10 
11 int cnt[N], maxCnt;
12 
13 int siz[N], son[N];
14 
15 vector <int> e[N];
16 
17 ll ans[N], sum[N];
18 
19 void dfs1(int u, int fr) {
20     siz[u] = 1;
21     for (int v : e[u]) {
22         if (v == fr) continue;
23         dfs1(v, u);
24         siz[u] += siz[v];
25         if (siz[v] > siz[son[u]]) son[u] = v;
26     }
27 }
28 
29 void update(int x, int y) {
30     sum[cnt[x]] -= x;
31     cnt[x] += y;
32     sum[cnt[x]] += x;
33     if (cnt[x] > maxCnt) maxCnt = cnt[x];
34     if (sum[maxCnt] == 0) maxCnt --;
35 }
36 
37 void dfs3(int u, int fr, int val) {
38     update(c[u], val);
39     for (int v : e[u]) {
40         if (v == fr) continue;
41         dfs3(v, u, val);
42     }
43 }
44 
45 void dfs2(int u, int fr) {
46     for (int v : e[u]) {
47         if (v == fr || v == son[u]) continue;
48         dfs2(v, u), dfs3(v, u, -1);
49     }
50     if (son[u]) dfs2(son[u], u);
51     for (int v : e[u]) {
52         if (v == fr || v == son[u]) continue;
53         dfs3(v, u, 1);
54     }
55     update(c[u], 1);
56     ans[u] = sum[maxCnt];
57 }
58 
59 int main() {
60     ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
61     cin >> n;
62     for (int i = 1; i <= n; i ++)
63         cin >> c[i];
64     for (int u, v, i = 1; i < n; i ++) {
65         cin >> u >> v;
66         e[u].push_back(v);
67         e[v].push_back(u);
68     }
69     dfs1(1, 1), dfs2(1, 1);
70     for (int i = 1; i <= n; i ++)
71         cout << ans[i] << ‘ ‘;    
72     cout << endl;
73     return 0;
74 }