Selenium3与Python3实战 Web自动化测试框架（一）

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get(‘http://www.baidu.com‘)

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get(‘http://www.baidu.com‘)

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Ie()
# driver = webdriver.Edge()  # win 10版本启动IE浏览器，使用此行代码
driver.get(‘http://www.baidu.com‘)

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions
import time

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
# driver = webdriver.Edge()  # win 10版本启动IE浏览器，使用此行代码
driver.get(‘http://www.5itest.cn/register‘)
time.sleep(5)
is_live = expected_conditions.title_contains(‘注册‘)  # 判断页面的标题中是否有注册两字
print(‘is_live:‘,is_live)

is_live: <selenium.webdriver.support.expected_conditions.title_contains object at 0x000000000354DEF0>  # 存在

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get(‘http://www.5itest.cn/register‘)
driver.find_element_by_id(‘register_email‘).send_keys("nan@163.com")  # 填写邮箱
user_name_node = driver.find_elements_by_class_name(‘controls‘)[1]  # 使用classname进行定义，需要细心处理
user_name_node.find_element_by_class_name(‘form-control‘).send_keys(‘Eric_nan‘)  # 填写用户名
driver.find_element_by_name(‘password‘).send_keys(‘111111‘)  # 填写密码
driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="captcha_code"]‘).send_keys(‘2222‘)  # 填写验证码

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

locator = (By.CLASS_NAME,‘controls‘)  # 通过classname的方式 找到 controls
WebDriverWait(driver,1).until(expected_conditions.visibility_of_element_located(locator))
# WebDriverWait： 传入两个参数，一个是driver，另一个是超时时间(int类型)
# visibility_of_element_located：只在可见的元素里找对应的元素。如有返回内存地址

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

base_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))) # 项目首路径
image_path = os.path.join(base_dir,‘Image‘,‘imooc.png‘)  # 图片路径，用于保存全屏截图后的图片
code_path = os.path.join(base_dir,‘Image‘,‘code.png‘)  # 验证码图片保存路径

driver.get(‘http://www.5itest.cn/register‘)
driver.save_screenshot(image_path)  # 全屏截图
code_element = driver.find_element_by_id("getcode_num") # 定位到验证码所在的文字
# print(code_element.location)   # 获取该元素(图片)左上角的(x,y)坐标
# print(code_element.size)   # 获取该元素(图片)长度、宽度
left_x = code_element.location[‘x‘] # 左上角x值
top_y = code_element.location[‘y‘] # 左上角y值
right_x = left_x + code_element.size[‘width‘]  # 右下角x值
right_y = top_y + code_element.size[‘height‘]  # 右下角y值

im = Image.open(image_path) # 使用PIL下的Image打开下载的imooc.png图片
img = im.crop((left_x,top_y,right_x,right_y))  # 将指定的某部分裁剪出来
img.save(code_path) # 保存

import pytesseract
from PIL import Image

image = Image.open("E:/imooc2.png")
text = pytesseract.image_to_string(image) # 将图片文字转换成字符串
print(text)

# 缺点：机械性读取，无法读取图片中不规则的字体，不适合于干扰性比较强的验证码图片文字读取

from setting.ShowapiRequest import ShowapiRequest
from setting import setting


r = ShowapiRequest("http://route.showapi.com/184-4","62666","d61950be50dfgjnr9969f741b8e730f5" )
# ShowapiRequest 的第一个参数是万维易源网的url ，第二个参数是易源网上你个人的appId ， 第三个参数是易源网上的密钥

r.addBodyPara("typeId", "35")  #typeId：表示识别几位数的图片验证码 ；35：‘3‘表示英数结合的验证码，‘5‘表示5位数的验证码   ； 31：一位数的验证码
r.addBodyPara("convert_to_jpg", "0")
r.addFilePara("image", setting.code_path) # 添加要识别验证码的图片
res = r.post()
print(res.text)  # {"showapi_res_error":"","showapi_res_id":"6f0e4cdb977141b293ea12178ad3d37e","showapi_res_code":0,"showapi_res_body":{"Id":"5bac83cc-5637-4e2d-bc91-25a78b527241","Result":"ANLZZ","ret_code":0}}
text = res.json()[‘showapi_res_body‘][‘Result‘]# 以json格式读取：showapi_res_body 下 Result 的值
print(text) # 返回信息：ANLZZ (识别正确)

#localElement.ini文件

[RegisterElement]
user_email=id>register_email
user_email_error=id>register_email-error
user_name=id>register_nickname
user_name_error=id>register_nickname-error
password=id>register_password
password_error=id>register_password-error
code_image=id>getcode_num
code_text=id>captcha_code
code_text_error=id>captcha_code-error
register_button=id>register-btn

from setting.setting import config_ini_dir
import configparser

class Read_Ini(object): # 初始化
    def __init__(self,node = None):
        if node:
            self.node = node
        else:
            self.node = ‘RegisterElement‘  # 配置文件中的某个节点
        self.cf = self.load_ini()

    def load_ini(self):  # 加载文件
        cf = configparser.ConfigParser()  # 使用 configparser模块读取配置文件信息
        cf.read(config_ini_dir)  # 配置文件所在路径
        return cf

    def get_value(self,key): # 获取配置文件中key的value值
        data = self.cf.get(self.node,key)
        return data

# if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
#     read_init = Read_Ini()
#     print(read_init.get_value(‘user_name‘))  # 结果：id>register_nickname

# find_element.py
from util.read_ini import Read_Ini
class FindElement(object):
    def __init__(self,driver):
        self.driver = driver
    def get_element(self,key):
        read_ini = Read_Ini()
        data = read_ini.get_value(key)
        by,value = data.split(‘>‘)

        try:
            if by == ‘id‘:
                return self.driver.find_element_by_id(value)
            elif by == ‘name‘:
                return self.driver.find_element_by_name(value)
            elif by == ‘className‘:
                return self.driver.find_element_by_class_name(value)
            elif by == ‘xpath‘:
                return self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(value)
            else:
                return self.driver.find_element_by_css(value)
        except Exception as e:
            print("find_element错误信息：",e)
            return None