ffmpeg save rtsp stream

#include <stdio.h>

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
//#include <libswscale/swscale.h>

#ifdef _MSC_VER
int strcasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2)
{
    while ((*s1 != ‘\0‘)
        && (tolower(*(unsigned char *) s1) ==
        tolower(*(unsigned char *) s2))) 
    {
        s1++;
        s2++;
    }

    return tolower(*(unsigned char *) s1) - tolower(*(unsigned char *) s2);
}
int strncasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, unsigned int n)
{
    if (n == 0)
        return 0;

    while ((n-- != 0)
        && (tolower(*(unsigned char *) s1) ==
        tolower(*(unsigned char *) s2))) {
            if (n == 0 || *s1 == ‘\0‘ || *s2 == ‘\0‘)
                return 0;
            s1++;
            s2++;
    }

    return tolower(*(unsigned char *) s1) - tolower(*(unsigned char *) s2);
}
#endif //_MSC_VER

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

/***********************************************************
‘** stream_component_open
*    Description: 
*             //open the stream component for video/audio
*
*
*    Params:ic-pointer which contains the url and codec details 
:stream_index-index denoting video or audio stream
***********************************************************/
int stream_component_open(AVFormatContext *ic, int stream_index)
{
    AVCodecContext *enc;
    AVCodec *codec;

    if (stream_index < 0 || stream_index >= (int)ic->nb_streams)
        return -1;
    enc = ic->streams[stream_index]->codec;

    /* prepare audio output */
    if (enc->codec_type == CODEC_TYPE_AUDIO)
    {
        if (enc->channels > 0)
            enc->request_channels = FFMIN(2, enc->channels);
        else
            enc->request_channels = 2;

        /*Hardcoding the codec id to PCM_MULAW if the audio
        codec id returned by the lib is CODEC_ID_NONE */

        if(enc->codec_id == CODEC_ID_NONE)
        {
            enc->codec_id = CODEC_ID_PCM_MULAW;
            enc->channels = 1;
            enc->sample_rate = 16000;
            enc->bit_rate = 128;
        }
    }

    codec = avcodec_find_decoder(enc->codec_id);
    enc->idct_algo            = FF_IDCT_AUTO;
    enc->flags2   |= CODEC_FLAG2_FAST;
    enc->skip_frame            = AVDISCARD_DEFAULT;
    enc->skip_idct            = AVDISCARD_DEFAULT;
    enc->skip_loop_filter    = AVDISCARD_DEFAULT;
    enc->error_concealment    = 3;

    if (!codec || avcodec_open(enc, codec) < 0)
        return -1;
    avcodec_thread_init(enc, 1);
    enc->thread_count= 1;
    ic->streams[stream_index]->discard = AVDISCARD_DEFAULT;

    return 0;
}
//声明函数
int enable_local_record(AVFormatContext *ic/*已经打开的视频文件上下文*/,
                        int videostream,int audiostream,
                        AVFormatContext **out_oc,const char * ofile,const char * ofileformat);

int exit_onerr(const char * err_desc/*错误描述*/,int err_code/*错误码*/)
{
    printf("%s\n",err_desc);
    system("pause");//暂停，查看错误描述
    return err_code;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    //初始化ffmpeg链表结构
    avcodec_register_all();                        // Register all formats and codecs
    av_register_all();

    AVPacket  packet;

    //打开文件
    AVFormatContext * ic = NULL;
    const char * rtsp_url = "rtsp://192.168.0.168:8557/PSIA/Streaming/channels/2?videoCodecType=H.264";
    if(av_open_input_file(&ic, rtsp_url, NULL, 0, NULL)!=0)
    {                        
        return exit_onerr("can‘t open file.",-1);
    }
    if(!ic)
    {
        return exit_onerr("unknow error.",-2);
    }
    ic ->max_analyze_duration = 1000;

    //get streams information
    if(av_find_stream_info(ic)<0)
    {
        av_close_input_file(ic);//退出前，记得释放资源
        ic = NULL;
        return exit_onerr("con‘t init streams information.",-3);
    }


    //find stream
    int videoStream=-1;    // Didn‘t find a video stream
    int audioStream=-1;    // Didn‘t find a audio stream 
    // Find the first video stream
    for(int i=0; i<ic ->nb_streams; i++)
    {
        if( ic ->streams[i]->codec->codec_type==CODEC_TYPE_VIDEO)
        { 
            videoStream=i;
            break;
        }
    }
    // Find the first audio stream
    for(int i=0; i<ic ->nb_streams; i++)
    {
        if( ic ->streams[i]->codec->codec_type==CODEC_TYPE_AUDIO)
        {
            audioStream=i;
            break;
        }
    }
    //判断视频文件中是否包含音视频流，如果没有，退出
    if(audioStream<0 && videoStream<0)
    {
        av_close_input_file(ic);//退出前，记得释放资源
        ic = NULL;
        return exit_onerr("con‘t find a audio stream or video stream",-4);
    }

    //open the stream component for video
    int videoComponent = -1;
    if(videoStream >= 0)
    {
        videoComponent = stream_component_open(ic, videoStream); 
        if(videoComponent<0)
        {
            av_close_input_file(ic);//退出前，记得释放资源
            return exit_onerr("not supported video stream",-5);//要求重新编译ffmpeg以支持该种编码格式
        }
    }
    //open the stream component for audio
    int audioComponent = -1;
    if(audioStream >= 0)
    {
        audioComponent = stream_component_open(ic, audioStream); 
        if(audioComponent<0)
        {
            av_close_input_file(ic);//退出前，记得释放资源
            return exit_onerr("not supported audio stream",-6);//要求重新编译ffmpeg以支持该种编码格式
        }
    }


    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    int ret = 0;
    //初始化并打开录像
    AVFormatContext * oc = NULL;
    const char * out_file_name = "D:\\test.avi";

    //获取一帧完整的图像用于初始化ffmpeg内部的一些结构体数据(这里使用什么数据尚未清楚，请自行查看)，否则会出现写文件头失败
    int got_picture = 0;
    AVFrame *frame = avcodec_alloc_frame();
    while( 1 )
    {
        if(av_read_frame( ic, &packet)<0)
        {
            av_free_packet(&packet);
            av_close_input_file(ic);//退出前，记得释放资源
            return exit_onerr("read frame error.",-7);//读取视频帧失败
        }
        if(packet.stream_index == videoStream)
        {
            avcodec_decode_video(ic->streams[videoStream]->codec, frame, &got_picture, packet.data, packet.size);
        }
        av_free_packet(&packet);
        if(got_picture)
            break;
    }
    av_free(frame);

    ret = enable_local_record(ic,videoStream,audioStream,&oc,out_file_name,"avi");

    if(ret <0 || !oc)
    {
        //退出前，记得释放资源，现在又多了个oc参数需要释放
        if(oc)
        {
            ///cleanup the output contents format
            for(unsigned int i=0;i< oc->nb_streams;i++)
            {
                av_metadata_free(&oc ->streams[i]->metadata);
                av_free(oc ->streams[i]->codec);
                av_free(oc ->streams[i]);
            }
            for(unsigned int i=0;i<oc ->nb_programs;i++) 
            {
                av_metadata_free(&oc ->programs[i]->metadata);
            }
            for(unsigned int i=0;i<oc ->nb_chapters;i++) 
            {
                av_metadata_free(&oc ->chapters[i]->metadata);
            }
            av_metadata_free(&oc ->metadata);
            av_free(oc);
        }
        av_close_input_file(ic);
        return exit_onerr("can‘t init out file.",-8);
    }

    //开始录像
    int video_dts = 0,audio_dts = 0;//时间戳
    int total_frame = 300;//写300帧文件
    while(total_frame--)
    {
        if( av_read_frame( ic, &packet) <0 )        //read the packet
        {        
            //读取数据出错
            av_free_packet(&packet);
            break;
        }
        if(packet.data && (packet.stream_index == videoStream || packet.stream_index == audioStream) )
        {
            //计算时间视频戳，顺序+1，这里可以多研究几种编码的音视频文件，求其时间戳生成格式，h264编码顺序加1即可
            if(packet.stream_index == videoStream)
            {
                packet.dts = video_dts++;
                packet.pts = video_dts;
            }
            else if(packet.stream_index == audioStream)//计算音频时间戳
            {
                packet.dts = audio_dts++;
                packet.pts = audio_dts * (1000 * packet.size /ic ->streams[packet.stream_index]->codec ->sample_rate);
            }
            packet.flags |= PKT_FLAG_KEY;
            if(av_interleaved_write_frame(oc,&packet)<0)
            {
                printf("st:%d\twrite frame failed.\n",packet.stream_index);
            }
        }
        av_free_packet(&packet);
    }

    //关闭录像文件和输入文件

    //写文件尾
    av_write_trailer(oc);

    /* close the output file if need.*/
    if (!(oc ->oformat->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) 
    {
        url_fclose(oc->pb);
    }

    //释放资源
    /*cleanup the output contents format*/
    for(unsigned int i=0;i< oc->nb_streams;i++)
    {
        av_metadata_free(&oc ->streams[i]->metadata);
        av_free(oc ->streams[i]->codec);
        av_free(oc ->streams[i]);
    }
    for(unsigned int i=0;i<oc ->nb_programs;i++) 
    {
        av_metadata_free(&oc ->programs[i]->metadata);
    }
    for(unsigned int i=0;i<oc ->nb_chapters;i++) 
    {
        av_metadata_free(&oc ->chapters[i]->metadata);
    }
    av_metadata_free(&oc ->metadata);
    av_free(oc);

    av_close_input_file(ic);

    return 0;
}

//初始化录像文件，代码较长，可写成函数
/*
*return <0  failed, 0 success
*/
int enable_local_record(AVFormatContext *ic/*已经打开的视频文件上下文*/,int videostream,int audiostream,AVFormatContext **out_oc,const char * ofile,const char * ofileformat)
{
    AVFormatContext *oc        = NULL;//
    AVOutputFormat  *fmt    = NULL;

    if( ofileformat )
    {
        fmt = av_guess_format(ofileformat, NULL, NULL);
    }
    if(!fmt)
    {
        printf("out file format \"%s\" invalidate.\n",ofileformat);
        return -1;
    }

    /*******************************************init output contents begin**********************************************************/
    /* allocate the output media context */
    oc = avformat_alloc_context();
    if (!oc) 
    {
        printf("out of memory.\n");
        return -2;//内存分配失败
    }

    *out_oc = oc;

    oc ->oformat = fmt;
    sprintf_s( oc ->filename, sizeof( oc ->filename), "%s", ofile);
    av_metadata_conv(oc, fmt->metadata_conv, NULL);
    if( videostream >=0 )
    {
        //AVCodecContext* pCodecCtx= ->streams[videostream]->codec;;
        //add video stream
        AVStream * st = av_new_stream(oc, videostream);
        if(!st)
        {
            printf("can not add a video stream.\n");
            return -3;
        }
        st->codec->codec_id            =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->codec_id;
        st->codec->codec_type        =  CODEC_TYPE_VIDEO;
        st->codec->bit_rate            =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->bit_rate;
        st->codec->width            =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->width;
        st->codec->height            =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->height;
        st->codec->gop_size            =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->gop_size;
        st->codec->pix_fmt            =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->pix_fmt;
        st->codec->frame_size        =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->frame_size;
        st->codec->has_b_frames        =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->has_b_frames;
        st->codec->extradata        =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->extradata;
        st->codec->extradata_size    =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->extradata_size;
        st->codec->codec_tag        =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->codec_tag;
        st->codec->bits_per_raw_sample        =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->bits_per_raw_sample;
        st->codec->chroma_sample_location    =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->chroma_sample_location;
        st->time_base.den            =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->time_base.den;
        st->time_base.num            =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->time_base.num;
        st->cur_dts                    =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->cur_dts;
        st->stream_copy                =  1;
        st->pts.den                    =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->time_base.den;
        st->pts.num                    =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->time_base.num;
        if( oc ->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
            st ->codec->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
        if(av_q2d(ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->time_base)*ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->ticks_per_frame > av_q2d(ic ->streams[videostream]->time_base) && 
            av_q2d(ic ->streams[videostream]->time_base) < 1.0/1000)
        {
            st->codec->time_base = ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->time_base;
            st->codec->time_base.num *= ic ->streams[videostream] ->codec->ticks_per_frame;
        }
        else
        {
            st->codec->time_base = ic ->streams[videostream] ->time_base;
        }
        st->disposition                =  ic ->streams[videostream] ->disposition;
    }
    if(audiostream >= 0 )
    {
        AVStream * st = av_new_stream( oc, audiostream);
        if(!st)
        {
            printf("can not add a audio stream.\n");
            return -4;
        }
        st->codec->codec_id            =  ic ->streams[audiostream] ->codec->codec_id;
        st->codec->codec_type        =  CODEC_TYPE_AUDIO;
        st->codec->bit_rate            =  ic ->streams[audiostream] ->codec->bit_rate;
        st->codec->gop_size            =  ic ->streams[audiostream] ->codec->gop_size;
        st->codec->pix_fmt            =  ic ->streams[audiostream] ->codec->pix_fmt;
        st->codec->bit_rate            =  ic ->streams[audiostream] ->codec->bit_rate;
        st->codec->channel_layout    =  ic ->streams[audiostream] ->codec->channel_layout;
        st->codec->frame_size        =  ic ->streams[audiostream] ->codec->frame_size;
        st->codec->sample_rate        =  ic ->streams[audiostream] ->codec->sample_rate;
        st->codec->channels            =  ic ->streams[audiostream] ->codec->channels;    
        st->codec->block_align        =  ic ->streams[audiostream] ->codec->block_align;    
        st->time_base.den            =  ic ->streams[audiostream] ->time_base.den;
        st->time_base.num            =  ic ->streams[audiostream] ->time_base.num;
        st->stream_copy                =  1;
        st->pts.den                    =  ic ->streams[audiostream] ->time_base.den;
        st->pts.num                    =  ic ->streams[audiostream] ->time_base.num;
        if( oc->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
            st ->codec->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
        if(av_q2d(ic ->streams[audiostream] ->codec->time_base)*ic ->streams[audiostream] ->codec->ticks_per_frame > av_q2d(ic ->streams[audiostream]->time_base) && 
            av_q2d(ic ->streams[audiostream]->time_base) < 1.0/1000)
        {
            st->codec->time_base = ic ->streams[audiostream] ->codec->time_base;
            st->codec->time_base.num *= ic ->streams[audiostream] ->codec->ticks_per_frame;
        }
        else
        {
            st->codec->time_base = ic ->streams[audiostream] ->time_base;
        }
    }
    /* set the output parameters (must be done even if no parameters). */
    //AVFormatParameters params, *ap = ?ms;
    //memset(ap, 0, sizeof(*ap));
    if (av_set_parameters(oc, NULL/*ap*/) < 0)
    {
        printf("invalid output format parameters.\n");
        return -5;
    }
    oc ->flags |= AVFMT_FLAG_NONBLOCK;
    /*******************************************init output contents end**********************************************************/

    /* open the output file, if needed */
    if (!(oc ->oformat ->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) 
    {
        try
        {
            if (url_fopen(&oc->pb, ofile, URL_WRONLY) < 0) 
            {
                printf("Could not open file.\n");
                return -6;
            }
        }
        catch(...)
        {
            printf("Could not open file.\n");
            return -6;
        }
    }

    /* write the stream header, if any */
    if( 0 != av_write_header(oc))
    {
        printf("write the stream header failed.\n");
        return -7;
    }

    return 0;
}